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Mohammad: The last prophet and founder of Islam - Coggle Diagram
Mohammad: The last prophet and founder of Islam
Five Pillars: The five pillars define what it means to be Muslim and are a baseline for Islamic practices.
Shahadah: the confession of faith; a belief that there is one God(Allah) and Muhammad is his messenger
Salat: A ritual of prayer where Muslims pray 5 times a day in the direction of Mecca
Zakat: Donating a percentage of wealth to charity
Sawm: Ramadan: Ramadan is “the month of the Quran” where Muslims fast during daylight because
Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca
Religious Sects: While these groups are very different, they all share the same holy book and basic values in Islam. They all agree that Muhammad was the last prophet
Sunni: Sunnis believe that Muhammad chose Abu Bakr as the next leader.
Sh’ia: Sh’ias’ believe that Ali should have been the next leader. The Sh’ia sect believes that the family and relatives of the Prophet Muhammad should maintain leadership.
Sufism: An “aspect” of Islam where followers believe that learning doesn’t just have to come from the books. They believe that teachers can share prophetic character with their students. They are known for expanding literature, poetry, music, and dance as forms of spiritual union. They get in touch with Allah through other practices such as meditation as well.
Significant Places
Mecca: The birthplace of Muhammad. The Kaaba, a large box in the middle of Mecca is said to be the holiest place on Earth and holds significant importance to Muslims because it is the metaphorical house of god and the first house of worship. People visit the Kabba in Mecca on their hajj.
Medina: The place where Muhammad established the first Muslim community.
Key Concepts
Quran: The holy book that was revealed to Muhammad by God in Arabic. Is said to be the updated and correct version of the word of God after other texts.
Jihad: Jihad means struggle. The 3 types of Jihad in Islam are the internal struggle with not being able to be the best Muslim, the struggle for Muslim society, and the holy war which is the struggle to defend Islamic religion.
Lesser: The lesser Jihad is the struggle for Muslim society because this correlates more with the Holy War.
Greater: The internal struggle to live out the Muslim faith the best way. Muhammed claimed this was the greater Jihad
Al-Kitab: “The book,” referring to the Quran
People of the Book: The people of the book are Christians and Jews. In the Quran they are referred to as people of the book because while Muslims still believe they have lost the truth of God’s faith, they think they are more respectable than a non-believer or a non-Abrahamic religion.
Sharia: The rules/values of God; it categorizes actions into 5 groups. Obligatory, recommended, permitted, discouraged, and forbidden. There are punishments for not following Sharia.
Theocracy: A form of Government where religious leaders and values rule over political/state authority. The laws of society are based on the majority religion.
Good vs Bad
Tawheed: A term/principle that refers to a belief in the reality of Allah through his worship, stories, and teachings in the Quran.
Shirk: Shirk references committing sin, specifically with association to any relationship, partner, deity, or belief other than Allah. It goes directly against the Tawheed. Muslims prioritize purity in their faith, and shirk is a breach of that.
Important Figures
Mohammad: The final prophet; He recited the words of god which were later translated into the Quran. People began following Muhammad to hear the word of Allah.
Gabriel: Known as Jibril, believed to be an archangel who delivered the word of Allah to prophets. He is a figure of trust and honor.
Abu Bakr: Muhammad’s close friend and advisor, a wealthy trader who freed slaves. He converted to Islam and became a caliph(political leader in the Islamic State) where he expanded Islam and led prayer.