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Prominent Theorists and Their Contributions to Education - Coggle Diagram
Prominent Theorists and Their Contributions to Education
Jean Piaget 1896-1980
Cognitive Development Theory
How a child constructs a mental model of the world
Three Basic Components
1- Schemas: Building blocks of knowledge
2- Adaptation Processes: Equilibrium, Assimilation and Accommodation
3- Stages of Cognitive Development: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational and Formal Operational
Jerome Bruner 1915-2016
Spiral Curriculum
Complex topics can be taught to young children if structured and presented in the right way
Three Modes of Representation
The way knowledge is stored in memory
1-Enactive (age 0-1 year): Action-based
2-Iconic (age 1-6 years): Image-based
3-Symbolic (age 7+ years): Language-based
Sigmund Freud 1856-1939
Psychoanalytic Theory
Personality is formed through conflicts among three fundamental structures.
Id - Instinct
Ego - Reality
Superego - Morality
Psychosexual Theory
Explains about the fixation of libido on different areas of the body
1-Oral Stage
2-Anal Stage
3-Phallic Stage
4-Latent Stage
5-Genital Stage
Howard Gardner 1943-Present
Multiple Intelligences Theory
Differentiated human intelligence into specific modalities
1-Verbal-Linguistic
2-Logical-Mathematical
3-Musical
4-Bodily-Kinesthetic
5-Visual-Spatial
6-Interpersonal
7-Intrapersonal
8-Naturalistic
Erik Erikson 1902-1994
Psychosocial Theory
Identifies a series of eight stages that a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood.
Abraham Maslow 1908-1970
Hierarchy of Needs
Comprises a five-tier model of human needs
Lev Vygotsky 1896-1934
Social Development Theory
Socialization affects the learning process of an individual
Three Major Concepts
1-Role of Social Interaction in Cognitive Development
2-More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
3-Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
Benjamin Samuel Bloom 1913-1999
Mastery Learning Theory
The focus of instruction should be the time required for different students to learn the same material
Key Elements
1-Specifying what is to be learned and how it will be evaluated.
2-Allowing students to learn at their own pace.
3-Assessing student's progress and providing feedback.
4-Testing if the final learning criterion has been achieved.
Three Domains of Leaning
Cognitive Domain - Knowledge
Affective Domain - Attitude
Psychomotor Domain - Skill
Bloom's Taxonomy
