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Active Directory (AD)
Directory service developed by Microsoft for…
Active Directory (AD)
Directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks included in Windows Server OS
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Authentication
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- Obtain valid username and password on an intranet/internet system
- Authenticated? > systems confirms (identity match)
Authorization
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- After successful authentication
- Verify user to allow access to a requested resource
- Determines an authenticated user is permitted access to any part of an application (e.g. specific points, datasets)
Process
- An instance of a specific executable (.exe) program running.
- Examples include running multiple tabs in Google Chrome, each being a separate process.
- A single application can have multiple processes running simultaneously.
Service
- A type of process that runs in the background.
- Does not interact with the desktop directly.
- Performs automated tasks, responds to hardware events, or listens for data requests from other software.
- Often loaded automatically at system startup and operates without user interaction.
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Differentiation:
Applications
- Programs for desktop interaction (e.g., Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word).
- Primary user interface for computer tasks.
- May have multiple processes concurrently.
- Example: Microsoft Word may have multiple windows but runs from a single process (winword.exe).
Process
- Instances of executable (.exe) files running.
- Applications may have several processes simultaneously.
- Modern browsers (e.g., Google Chrome) run separate processes for each tab.
- Typically exit when the associated application is closed; exceptions exist.
Service
- Background processes not interacting with the desktop.
- Often as svchost.exe in Windows.
- Print spooler service is crucial for printing from any program.
- Some applications rely on specific services (e.g., antivirus programs).
Logical Structure
Users are better able to
find resources,
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Components include forests, trees, domains, and organizational units (OUs)
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Maps that show the various departments in a company and illustrate which departments are accountable to others.
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Example :
- Payroll department might appear below the Finance department,