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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Multisystemic Disease - Coggle Diagram
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Multisystemic Disease
Renal System
Autoantibodies damage the kidney's glomerulus
Causes
Lupus Nephritis
Manifestations
Hematuria, hypertension, swelling in extremities and face, seizures, psychosis
Treatment
Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, dietary and lifestyle changes
Central Nervous System
Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
Causes
Neuropsychiatric Lupus
Manifestations
Stroke, seizures, confusion and/or psychosis, difficulty concentrating, depression, headache, cognitive dysfunction
Treatment
Intravenous (IV) immunoglobulins, IV cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids, NSAIDs
Cardiopulmonary System
Blood vessels endothelial cells are damaged
Causes
Plaques, Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease (CVD)
Manifestations
Dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, irregular heartbeats, swollen extremities
Treatment
Lifestyle changes, antiplatelet agents, antihypertensives, anticoagulants, and statins, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
Inflammation of the serous tissues
Causes
Serositis
Manifestations
Shortness of breath, fatigue, cough
irregular heartbeats, swollen abdomen or legs
Treatment
Hydroxychloroquine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and monoclonal antibodies
Musculoskeletal System
Inflammation of the tendons, bursae, and synovial membrane, muscles, bones
Causes
Arthritis, arthralgia, myalgia, myositis, osteonecrosis
Manifestations
Muscle and joint pain, joint swelling, risk of fractures, muscle weakness, tendonitis
Treatment
Hydroxychloroquine, immunosuppressants, chloroquine, NSAIDs, dietary changes
Dermatologic System
Inflammation of the skin cells
Causes
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE)
Manifestations
Rashes, sores, scarring
Treatment
Topical and injected corticosteroids, NSAIDs
Gastrointestinal system
Deposition of circulating immune complexes
Causes
Gastrointestinal Vasculitis
Manifestations
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, postprandial fullness, diarrhea, hematemesis, melena
Treatment
Steroid-sparing systemic immunosuppressive agents, IV methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide
Hematologic System
Low red blood cell count (RBC), low white blood cell count (WBC), low platelet count
Causes
Thrombocytopenia
Manifestations
Abnormal bleeding and bruising, fatigue
Treatment
Leukopenia
Manifestations
fever, chills and sweats, joint and muscle soreness
Treatment
Steroid-sparing agents, anti-inflammatory medications, immunosuppressants
Anemia
Manifestations
Fatigue, stomach pain, headaches, dizziness
Treatment
Reproductive System
Male
Vascular problems and nerve damage from inflammation
Causes
Erectile Dysfunction
Treatment
Female
Release of anti-corpus luteum antibodies
Causes
Infertility
Treatment
Immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatories