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Decision Making & Problem Solving - Coggle Diagram
Decision Making & Problem Solving
Definition
The process of taking corrective action to achieve goals called problem solving.
Decision making is the process of recognising issues and opportunities in an effort to solve problems and advance.
Problem Solving & Decision Making
Every leadership role in leisure requires these skills.
Ability to make sound and timely decisions.
Making decisions and managing problems are important leadership abilities.
Capability of resolving staff, participant, agency, and personal issues.
Decision Making
Non-crisis - needs a solution, but it's not a crisis because it's not important and needs fixing right away.
Opportunities - take advantage of the opportunities.
Crisis - severe problem that requires urgent action.
Decision Making Conditions :
Risk
Uncertain
Certainty
Different types of Decision Making
Programmed decisions
Those that are made on a regular basis with the help of rules that have already been established.
Non programmed decisions
Those for which there are no rules or for which the rules that have been set are not beneficial.
Methods of Group Decision Making
Method 4 : decision by authority after group discussion
Method 5 : decision by minority
Method 3: decision by averaging individual’s opinion.
Method 6 : decision by majority vote.
Method 2 : decision by expert.
Method 7 : Decision by consensus
Method 1 : decision by authority without group discussion.
6 Step of Effective Decision Making Process
Step 1: Define the Problem or Opportunity
Step 2: Set Objectives and Criteria
Step 3: Generate Alternatives
Step 4: Select the Most Feasible Alternative
Step 5: Implement the Decision
Step 6: Control the Results
Advantage of Decision Making
Information exchange
Higher motivation for better decisions
More security felt for the decision
Increased acceptance of the decision
Increased number and diversity of alternatives developed
Barriers to Decision Making
NOT RECOGNIZING NEED TO DECIDE
Defensive avoidance
Panic
Complacency
DECIDING TO DECIDE – BIASES
Prospect theory
Availability
Framing
Steps of problem solving
Recognizing the problem
Defining the problem
Determining
Formulating alternatives
Deciding on & implementing a solution
Evaluating the solution
Blocks to Effective Problem Solving
Lack of clarity in stating the problem.
Not getting the needed information.
Testing of potential alternate options too soon, or making a decision too soon.
A critical, evaluative, competitive climate.
Pressure from conformity.