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Life in Elizabethan times I - Coggle Diagram
Life in Elizabethan times I
Hawkins and Drake
Hawkins
First Slave trader
Kidnapped 400 Africans in 1562
Between 1562 1567 Hawkins and his cousin Drake kidnapped 1400 people
He crossed the Atlantic and sold the slaves
Drake
English Sea Captain
Circumnavigated the glove from 1577-1580
Began the era of privaterring and piracy
Why were voyages made?
Explanding territory - led to settlements and colonisation
Improvements in ships - Ships were bigger and more stable for longer voyages
New technology - Made navigation more precise and safer, leading to more exploration and trade
Development of maps - Mercator Map of 1569 meant sailors knew where they were going
Trade - English merchants needed opportunitites to trade and make money
Government action
Why did the government take action
Increase threat from the poor
Poor people were increasingly visible in many Elizabethan towns
Attitudes to the poor had changed
Increasingly expensive to look after poor people
Seriousness
Population increase by 1,200,000 in 10 years
Rising prices and falling value of money
Many people in work couldn't afford to provide for their family
London was the most heavily populated city in Europe
Effectiveness
Poor reliefe became the responsibility of the governemnt, poor were provided for and didn't starve
Elizabethan Poor Law 1601 was successful and remained in place for a long time
Government measures failed to tackle the underlying causes of poverty - low wages, poor harvests and poverty continued
Voyages and trade
North West Passage
A route to China and the Far East
Martin Frobinsher made three voyages in search of the passage
No one ever found it
Colonisind the Americas
Various expeditions made, would have given Britain close access to the Spanish gold
Attempts to colonise in Virginia on Roanoke Island from 1585 also came to nothing
Journey was very difficult
West Africa
Slave trade John Hawkins helped establish the triangular trade
Goods were sold in Africa, slaves were purchased and brought to the west indied
sugar, cotton and tobacco were grown in west indies and returned to England
Trade strengthened by establishment of the Barbary company in 1585
Far East
In 1600, East India company was set up to trade with China and India
Levant Company was set up in 1592 to trade with the East Mediterranean
Benefits
English merchants made alot of money
Crown benefited through trading licences and supporting voyages
Trade brought new goods in to the markets
Walter Raleigh
Gained Elizabeth's favour in a military expedition to Ireland in 1580, after defeating a rebellion
In 1584, Queen granted him a royal charter for seven years, allowing him to explore
Royal cahrater allowed Raleigh to make money from expeditions to the new world
Elizabeth
ELizabeth lost her trust for him after he married on of the queen's maids oh honour, he was expelled from court
Elizabeth made him a Captain of the Guard, highest office at the court
Importance
Encouraged exploraiton and colonisation, led to furth voyages
Raleighs failures like at Roanoke changed the way English governments approcahed colonisation
Paved the way for the empire