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Atomic Structure - Coggle Diagram
Atomic Structure
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Metallic bonding
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In Metallic Bonding, the outer electrons delocalise. This leaves positive ions surrounded by a sea of electrons.
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Rutherford's Experiement
In 1909, Ernest Rutherford discovered that alpha particles could bounce back off atoms.
He concluded that an atom's mass is concentrated in the atom's centre. This was called the "nucleus" and it contained positively charged particles called protons
The modern model
Neils Bohr discovered that electrons orbit (fly around) the nucleus at fixed distances.
In 1932, James Chadwick discovered that some particles in the nucleus have no charge at all. He called them neutrons
Rutherford's Conclusions
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The large deflections suggested that some positively charged mass in the atom was repelling the particles.
This led to the model of the atom with negatively charged electrons orbiting a positively charged nucleus.
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Emit Radiation - When atoms emit electromagnetic radiation, electrons can drop to a lower energy level, closer to the nucleus
Absorbing Radiation - An electron can move to a higher energy level by absorbing electromagnetic radiation.