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Japan Earthquake - Coggle Diagram

- - - - a 250 mile stretch of coastline dropped by 0.6m, allowing the tsunami to travel further inland
      - geologists estimate that the pacific plate has slipped westwards by between 20-40m
      - the quake moved parts of north-east Japan 2.4m closer to North America
      - the seabed near the epicentre shifted by 24m
      - the earthquake moved the earth's axis by between 10-25cm, shortening the day by 1.8 microseconds
      - liquefaction occurred in many parts of Tokyo built on reclaimed land - 1,046 buildings were damaged
    - - the tsunami also caused a lot of damage and pollution in up to 6 miles inland
      - some coastal areas experienced land subsidence as the earthquake dropped the beachfronts in some places by more than 50 cm
      - caused a tsunami with waves up to 40m high which devastated entire towns and resulted in the loss of thousands of lives
      - scientists estimate that over 800 earthquake aftershocks of magnitude 4.5 or more were recorded after the main quake
  - - - 300 hospitals were damaged and 11 were completely destroyed
      - around 4.4 million people in north-east Japan were left without electricity
      - 332,395 buildings were destroyed and damaged
      - a 9m high wave flooded the nuclear plants generators and electrical wiring - people lost energy immediately
      - 15,894 people died and 6,152 people were injured
      - Japan spent billions of dollars building anti-tsunami defences at heights of 12m but the tsunami washed over them, making them ineffective
    - - the damage caused by the earthquake resulted in the meltdown of seven reactors - radiation levels at one point were over 8 times normal levels
      - Japan's transport network suffered huge disruptions - sections of the Tohoku Expressway were damaged
      - only 58% of people in the coastal areas followed the tsunami warnings and headed for higher ground - the waves hit the 42% of people who did not follow the warnings
      - the economic cost was US $235 billion, making it the most expensive natural disaster ever in history