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Humanistic approach - Coggle Diagram
Humanistic approach
Free will
Approach states that everyone is born with free will and a wish to reach their full potential. Emphasises personal agency and the ability to choose in life.
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Acknowledges restraints on free will e.g social rules, laws and morals.
Believe in subjectivity, the fact that free will cannot be measured is not an issue for humanists.
The self, congruence, conditions of worth
The self (Rogers): ideal self, actual self, perceived self. Ideal self: what you want to be.
Actual self: person you are.
Perceived self: self you believe that you are, similar to self esteem, people can have a distorted view of themselves.
Congruence: the degree of similarity between the ideal self and actual self. Healthy sense of wellbeing is established by keeping a reasonable amount of consistency between the actual self and ideal self. Greater the gap, greater the incongruence.
Incongruence can lead to maladaptive thinking, depression and low self esteem. Defence mechanisms can stop the self from growing/changing and increase the gap = incongruence. To reduce this therapy provides 2 options: lower ideal self or heighten actual self.
Conditions of worth: conditions imposed on someone's character or behaviour which are deemed necessary in order to gain positive regard from others e.g parents or teachers.
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Evaluation
Practical applications: counselling and psychotherapy, economic benefits.
ideas of the approach cannot be tested scientifically, most of it is subjective.
cultural bias: relates well to individualistic cultures but not to collectivist cultures. Not universally applicable.
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