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Kevin Santana Period 5 Muscular System - Coggle Diagram
Kevin Santana Period 5 Muscular System
Sarcomere
H Zone: lighter regain in middle of dark A band; M line: line of protein(myomesin) that bisects H zone vertically
A Band: Darker regions
Myofilaments: Myosin(thick filaments), Actin(thin filaments)
I Band: Lighter reigions; Z disc(line): coin shaped sheet of light I band
Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction: myosin filaments use energy from ATP to travel along the actin filaments with cross bridges. This pulls the actin filaments closer together
Muscle coverings (connective tissue coverings)
Perimysium: continuous layer of collagenous connective tissue that separates the skeletal muscle tissue into muscle fascicles
Endomysium: delicate network of connective tissue, which surrounds individual muscle fibers and contains the vessels and nerves that supply the muscle fibers
Epimysium: thick connective tissue layer that is composed of coarse collagen fibers in a proteoglycan matrix
Types of Muscles & their Functions
Smooth Muscle: found in hollow organs; involuntary movement; maintain blood pressure and flow
Skeletal Muscle: found around bones; voluntary movement; contract to produce movement sustain body posture and position, maintain body temperature, store nutrients, and stabilize joints
Cardiac Muscle: found around the heart; involuntary movement; responsible for the contractility of the heart and, therefore, the pumping action
Major Functions of the Muscular System
Generate Heat as they Contract
Stabilize Joints
Provide Movement: responsible for all locomotion and manipulation
Maintain Posture and body position
Neuromuscular junction: site where motor neuron meets with muscle fiber
Mitochondrion
Synaptic Vesicle
Nerve Terminal
ACh receptors
Axon
Muscle fiber
Names of all the Skeletal Muscles:
Bicep Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Deltoid
External Obliques
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Frontalis (Epicranius frontal belly)
Iliopsoas
Masseter
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oculi
Palmaris longus
Pectinus
Pectoralis major
Pronator teres
Rectus abdominis
Serratus anterior
Sternocleidomastoid
Sternohyoid
Temporalis
Tensor fasciae latae
Trapezius
Triceps brachii
Zygomaticus
Adductor longus
Fibularis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Gastrocnemius
Gracilis
Iliotibial tract
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Soleus
Tibialis anterior
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Action Potential in a Muscle Fiber: The action potential generated by depolarizing the endplate membrane of muscle cells increases the calcium ion concentration in muscle plasma
Disorders associated with the Muscular system
Myasthenia Gravis: neuromuscular disroder that blocks neurotransmitters; age; muscle weakness; no known cure
Cerebral Palsy: static paralysis causing muscle weakness; brain injury or abnormality; mild to severe; no cure
Fibromyalgia: muscle pain; exact cause unknown; massage
Myositis: inflammation of the muscle; infection; muscle weakness; antibiotics
Muscular Dystrophy: Muscle weakness and atrophy; genetic; loss of strength; no known cure