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Jimena Serrano P2 Muscular System - Coggle Diagram
Jimena Serrano P2 Muscular System
Sarcomere
A band
I bond
H zone
Z line
myosin
actin
tropomyosin
thick filaments
thin filaments
Names of all the skeletal muscles (including the facial muscles) – only the ones on the
list I gave you
Biceps brachii
triceps brachii
gluteus maximus
sartorius
Hamstrings
Quadriceps
tibialis anterior
Gastrocnemius
pectoralis
rectus abdominus
external oblique
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
deltoid
Adductors
rectus femoris
vastus medalis
serratus anterior
wrist flexors
brachioradials
tensor fasciae latae
peroneus longus
soleus
vastus lateralis
3 types of muscles & their functions
Skeletal- attchaed to bones and allows movement
smooth muscle-located in digestive tract, uterus and blood vessels.
Cardiac muscle- the muscle that is specific to the heart.
Major functions of the muscular system
movement
support
protection
heat
generation
blood circulation
Neuromuscular junction- where the nerves and muscle fibers meet.
an ap travels down the axon
2.electrical gated calcium channels open and calcium enters the axon
Calcium causes the vesicles to release ACH into the synoptic cleft
ACH diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to its receptors on the muscle
ACH binding opens ion channels and sodium rushes into the muscle
the muscle reaches the threshold at the motor end plate an ap occurs on the muscle.
ACH is broken down by acetylchonline esterase
Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
resting
contraction
recharge
relaxation
excitement
Action potential in a muscle fiber
increases the calcium ion concentration in muscle plasma. Troponin binds a sufficient number of calcium ions to cause a change in the troponin molecule which is then transmitted to myosin.
Muscle coverings (connective tissue coverings
epimysium-surrounds the entire muscle and defines its volume
perimysium- transmits the force produced by individual muscle fibers across the fascicles, generating smooth, coordinated muscle contraction and movements
endomysium- separates single muscle fibers from one another.
Disorders associated with the Muscular system
muscular dystrophy-a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass.
fibromyalgia a chronic (long-lasting) disorder that causes pain and tenderness throughout the body, as well as fatigue and trouble sleeping.
myasthenia gravis- chronic autoimmune in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles.
cerebral palsy- a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture.
myositis- inflames muscles which can cause prolonged muscle fatigue