Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
classification and diagnosis of schizophrenia - Coggle Diagram
classification and diagnosis of schizophrenia
Validity
Validity is whether the research/diagnosis represents what it is set out to represent and that is real and distinct from other disorders.
Criterion validity
where there are several assessments for schizophrenia which should arrive to the same diagnosis for the same patient if they're valid.
Cheniaux (2009) studies found that schizophrenia was more likely to be diagnosed with the ICD than the DSM.
Reliability
Inter-rater reliability
this is where two or more assessors have an agreement on their diagnosis
Whaley (2001) found a correlation coefficient between clinicians in diagnosis of schizophrenia was +0.11
to be considered reliable their should be an agreement of +0.8
Test-Restest Reliability
when the clinicians reach the same conclusion at two different points in time
Read et al (2004) discovered that 38% of the people diagnosed with schizophrenia are likely to be diagnosed with it again in the retest suggesting it is unreliable
Culture Bias
If there are cultural differences it suggests that the diagnosis of schizophrenia is not universal so it lacks to validity
Copeland et al (1971) found that within 134 US and 194 British psychiatrists. 69% of the US psychiartrists diagnosed schizophrenia compared to only 2% of British psychiatrists
Rosenhan
Rosenhan recruited 7 people who he was either friends with or students
Each of the 7 people went to a psychiatric hospital and reported only 1 symptom which was a voice saying a word such as thud, empty and hollow.
when they were admitted they acted as they would usually and they then stayed in the institutions for between 7 to 52 days.
Rosenhan told the institutions about their results and warned the hospitals that they would admit more individuals
Co-Morbidity
refers to how common two or more conditions occur together
this mixture of conditions make it significantly difficult to diagnose schizophrenia accurately as its combined with other ilnesses
50% of those diagnosed with schizophrenia also are diagnosed with depression.
Symptom overlap
Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia overlap with other mental disorders
bipolar depression has positive symptoms such as delsuions and negative such as avolitions
Meaning that ICD and DSM may misdiagnose biopolar and schizophrenia