Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
GalileoScience and Sacred Writings 1, Criticism7, The Aristotelian…
GalileoScience and Sacred Writings
1
Galileo was born in Pisa
in his time things were cosidered true if in harmony with the church
Debate over what belivers should implement
1) implement the moral and religious message of the bible
2) implement every statement of the Sacred Writings.
Galileo said that the bibles content is bent towards peoples needs
Galileo said: the interpretation of the Bible must adapt to science
Criticism7
criticism war the result in questioning the foundation of some human experiences:
possibilities(conditions of existence)
validity(legitimacy)
limits (border within which such experience can be valid)
Kant's criticism is distinguishable because:
Refuses the skeptical outcome of empiricism
Kant’s intents are way more radical than those of the Enlightenment
Kant’s philosophical approach is called criticism
Born in 1724 in Königsberg
college at the University of Königsberg
Kant’s philosophy is comparable to a quest for the limits of human knowledge because of this
The Aristotelian-Ptolemaic Cosmological system
2
Earth is the still centre of the universe
All the other planets orbit around it
The universe is not infinete
Universe 2 parts
Sublunar (earth) (top-bottom motion) (perfect)
Lunar (other spheres) (circular motion) (imperfect and subject to chage)
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
4
Galileo compares the Copernican system with the traditional Ptolemaic system
the whole book is a pretext to show that the Copernican system is correct (with evidence)
3 characters
Sagredo (neutral)
Simplicio (for the Ptolemaic)
Salviati (for copernican)
4 days:
Arostotle's is criticised for the division between louar/sublunar world based on the sidereus Nuncius
The topic is confutation made against the earth motion
the eaerth rotating is proved
Galilei explains his wrong theory about tides
The general problem of the Critique of Pure Reason
8
Critique of Pure Reason is centred on the critical analysis of the foundation of knowledge
The domain of knowledge was divided into the two main fields:
a) science
b) metaphysics
the critique is a investigation about them
science
was a well grounded knowledge and constantly evolving
metaphysiscs was not considered "the queen of science" anymore
What Kant want's to discover in the critique
How pure mathematics is possibel?
How pure phisics is possible
How is metaphysics as anatural disposition possible?
How is metaphysics as a science possible?
The Scientific Method
5
2 main moments
analytic moment --> solving a complex phenomenon in its simpler elements (with hypothesis)
synthetic moment --> verifying hypothisis though experimenting
words with a key role in his method
Sense experiences: refers to experiences made though 5 senses, which then makes a teory
necessary demonstrations: this teory has to be proven though reasoning and mathematical base
in Galileo we can find an inductive and deductive approach
Judgements of the critique9
the critique starts with a hypothesis
knowledge could be a outcome of composition of:
what we recive through impressions
what our cognitive faculty adds to the impressions
first Critique, 3 jujments
Analytic a priori jujments: a predicate is a concept that is contained in the subject
Synthetic a posteriori judgements: predicates adds something new to the subject
Synthetic a priori judgements: synthesis between the subject and the predicate
The Copernican Revolution
10
The priori judgments are explained through
synthesis of matter and form
matter = chaotic and changing impressions because of experience
form = the way though which the human mind arranges impressions
Kant overturns the relationship between the subject and the object
Experience and Verification
6
experience: the result of a mathematical elaboration of data concluded by a
verification
The Faculties of Knowledge
11
three different cognitive faculties:
intellect
: the faculty realated to the way we think and process sensible data
reason
: the faculty according to which we proceed beyond experience
sensibility
: the faculty for which objects are given to us through senses