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Esophageal Atresia - Coggle Diagram
Esophageal Atresia
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Classifications
- Pure esophageal atresia (7%)
- Esophageal atresia with a proximal fistula (1%)
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- Esophageal atresia with both proximal and distal fistulae (1%)
- H-type fistula with no esophageal atresia (4%)
Preoperative Management
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- Semi-sitting or head-up prone position
- Antibiotics, IV fluids, and vitamin K analogue
- Continuous low-pressure suction from the upper pouch by Riplogle catheter
- Intubation and ventilation in severe cases
Definition
- Congenital obstruction of the esophagus
- Interruption of esophageal wall continuity
- Presence of one or more fistulae between the malformed esophagus and trachea
Epidemiology
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- Birth incidence of EA/TEF: 1 in 3000 - 4500 live births
- Slight male preponderance: 3:2 ratio
Diagnosis
- Prenatal ultrasound findings
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b. Regurgitation, choking, and coughing during feeding
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Operative Repair
- Esophageal atresia with Distal Tracheoesophageal Fistula
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d. Routine bronchoscopy -->identification of defect 5-7 cm above carnia / at carnia / in Rt main bronchus (long esophageal gap)
- Isolated Esophageal Atresia
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- Long-Gap Esophageal Atresia
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Embryological defect
- Incomplete fusion between trachea and esophagus at 6-7 weeks
- imbalance between cranial and caudal folds
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