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Crime and Punishent Revision - Coggle Diagram
Crime and Punishent Revision
Crime and Deviance
What is deviant behaviour? Deviant behavior is something that society deems immoral, and is frowned upon over all, but is NOT against the law. E.G picking your nose in public
What is a crime? A crime is something that is not only frowned upon, but also against the law and will have sanctions as a consequence. What these sanctons are will be elaborated elsewhere
courts
there are four main types of sentencing:
fine
Fines are the most common type of sentence given by the courts. That is because they are given for lower-level crimes such as minor driving offences or minor theft.
The court sets the amount of a fine after considering how serious the offence is and how much money the offender can pay based on their income. Fines can be given to organisations or companies as well as people
community sentence
A community sentence combines some form of punishment with activities carried out in the community. It could mean, for example, that an offender must:
carry out up to 300 hours of unpaid work, for example removing graffiti
have alcohol or drug treatment to help tackle the reasons why they have committed crimes in the first place
keep to a curfew – which aims to keep them out of trouble, or
live at a particular address or not travel abroad.
discharge
Discharges are given for the least-serious offences such as very minor thefts.
A discharge means that the person is released from court without any further action. But they will still get a criminal record.
custodial sentence
information
six months for threatening with a weapon.
six months for a second offence of possessing a weapon
five years for certain firearms offences
three years for a third domestic burglary
seven years’ imprisonment for a third Class A drug trafficking offence
Imprisonment is the most severe sentence available to the courts. Custodial sentences are reserved for the most serious offences and are only used when the offence committed is “so serious that neither a fine alone nor a community sentence can be justified for the offence. A custodial sentence may be imposed where the court believes it is necessary to protect the public. The length of the sentence depends on the seriousness of the offence and the maximum penalty for the crime allowed by law. Parliament has also introduced minimum sentences for some serious offences that must be imposed unless there are exceptional circumstances:
What are the two types of court?
The Magistrates court - this is a court without a jury of ordinary people. The Magistrates make the decisions. At first the defendant must plea either guilty or not guilty. If they plea guilty, it will be the magistrates that decide the punishment. this is the least important of the four courts
The Crown Court - The more serious of the two. A jury of 12 ordinary people and judge will make the decisions in this court. The twelve ordinary people are randomly chosen from everyone in the country. At least ten must agree for a decision to be made
Petty crime is usually handled in a magistrate court, while more serious crimes like murder will be in the crown court. The following roles are present in both courts: The prosecution lawyer, the defence lawyer, the witnesses, the defendants and the ushers. The following are uniquje to the CROWN cours: The Court Clerk, the Judge and the jurors. These are unique to the magistrates court: The magistrates and the legal advisors.
The ones who are trying to get the defendant proven Guilty are the prosecution, while the ones defending them are the defense lawyers. The burden of proof is always on the prosecution..
knife crime and gangs
What are the laws regarding knife crime? - In a public place, a bladed article of more than 3 inches is illegal without a good reason. The penalty for this is a maximum of five years.
why do people get involved in gangs?
Children and young people may become involved in gangs for many reasons, including:
peer pressure and wanting to fit in with their friends
they feel respected and important
they want to feel protected from other gangs, or bullies
they want to make money, and are promised rewards
they want to gain status, and feel powerful
they’ve been excluded from school and don’t feel they have a future
What support is there to help people to get out of a gang? - Utilise assistance from the police, aswell as various unofficial services such as gangsline. Ensure you do this without the gang knowing. Try to safely distance yourself as much as possible. It is advised to never attempt to ask to leave yourself to avoid violence against you.
Capital Punisment -
opinions
My opinion on the matter are that capital punishment should not be allowed, specifically because it can be seen as an easy way out from a persons guilt. As well as this everyone has the right to life.
methods
Capital punishment can be carried out with the following methods: Lethal Injection, Gallows, Hanging and electrical chair.
definiton
"The legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime."