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Postpositivist Qualitative Research, Constructivism/Interpretivism,…
Postpositivist Qualitative Research
Internal Validity (credibility)
How to ensure rigor in the research process and how we can communicate to others that we have done so
Prolonged engagement with participants
Use of peer debriefers or peer researchers
Negative case anaylsis
Participant checks, validation, coanalysis
Explain how data sufficiency was assessed (data saturation)
Thick description
External validity (transferability/generalizability)
extent to which the results can be generalized
sufficient info about researcher(instrument), context, processes, participants, relationships to see how findings may transfer
small sample size- usually not very generalisable
Reliability(dependability)
consistency in the way a research study is conducted
carefully tracking emerging research design
detailed chronology of research activities
Objectivity (confirmability)
findings should represent what is being researched and not beliefs/biases of the researcher
management of subjectivity
similar to dependability (audit trail)
researcher should tie the data,process and findings in a way that the reader can confirm adequacy
Constructivism/Interpretivism
Fairness
different constructions by participants are respected and honoured
Authenticities
Ontological authenticity
improved, elaborated and expansion of what one considers as reality
Educative authenticity
being aware and respecting other opinions
Tactical authenticity
Catalytic authenticity
extent to which action is stimulated
Verstehen
in depth and deep understanding
Co-construction
between researchers , between researcher and participant
culture, contest and rapport
Subjectivity
Particularity
integrity of unique cases
Triangulation
capturing multiple perspectives
Researcher reflexivity
Objectivity/Confirmability
Internal Validity /Credibility
Verstehen
deep understanding
Praxis
integration of theory and practice
Transcendent criteria
Social validity
Subjectivity and reflexivity
Bracketing
becoming aware of one's biases and predispositions
reflexivity
experiences and interactions of the researcher with the partcipants
self reflective journal
awareness of emerging assumptions or biases
representation
questions about whose reality is actually being measured- researcher or partcipant
Adequacy of data
Adequate amount of data
redundency/data saturation
adequate variety of evidence
triangulation
adequate of disconfirming evidence
adequate discrimant cases
negative case analysis
Adequacy of interpretation
Immersion in the data
Analytic framework or research design
Balance between subjectiveinterpretation and quotation