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Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostais II - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Menstruation (bleeding) starts
      - Uterus lining breaks down and is released
    - - Lining of the uterus is repaired into a thick spongy layer full of blood vessels
      - Ready for a fertilised egg
    - - Ovulation
      - Egg is released from the ovary
    - - Lining is maintained for 14 days
      - If no fertilised eff has landed on the uterus, the spongy layer starts to break down again and the whole cycle starts from the beginning
  - - - Follicle Stimulating hormone
      - Causes a follicle (an egg and its surrounding cells) to mature in one of the ovaries
      - Produced in the pituitary gland
      - Stimulates the ovary to produce oestrogen
    - - Luteinising hormone
      - Stimulates the release of an egg at day 14 (ovulation)
      - Produced in the pituitary gland
      - Stimulates the remains of the follicle to develop into the corpus luteum
    - - Stimulates the growth of the uterus lining
      - Produced in the ovaries
      - Stimulates the production of LH in the pituitary gland
      - Inhibits the production of FSH
    - - Needed to maintain the uterus lining incase a fertilised egg impats
      - Released by the corpus luteum after ovulation
      - Inhibits the release of FSH and LH to stop another egg being released
  - - - FSH is produced in the pituitary gland
      - Causes a follicle to mature in one of the ovaries
      - Causes the ovaries to produce oestrogen
    - - Oestrogen is prodcued in the ovaries and causes the lining of the uterus to thicken and grow
      - A high level of oestrogen stimulates an LH surge
    - - LH is produced rapidly in the pituitary gland
      - LH surge causes the follicle to rupture and the egg to be released
      - LH stimulates the reamins of the follicle to develop into a structure call the corpus luteum
    - - Progesterone is released from the corpus luteum after ovulation
      - Progesterone maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle and inhibits the released of FSH and LH
    - - When the level of progesterone falls, and there's a low oestrogen level, the uterus lining breaks down
      - A low progesterone level allows FSH to increase and the cycle can start again
- - - - The hormones oestrogen and progesterone can be taken by women to reduce fertility
      - Used to prevent pregnancy
    - - Prevents egg release
      - If oestrogen is taken every day to keep the level permanently high, it inhibits FSH production, and thus egg maturation and stops the egg being released
    - - Redcues fertility
      - Stimulates the production of thick cervical mucus which prevents any sperm getting through the uterus and reaching the egg
      - Inhibits egg maturation and therefore the release of an egg