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review on COVID-19 and male reproduction - Coggle Diagram
review on COVID-19 and male reproduction
introduction
four major structural proteins: spike protein, nucleocapsid protein, membrane protein, and envelope protein
ACE2 is an identified receptor with a much higher affinity than other variants.
coronaviruses are enveloped non segmented RNA viruses
literature has come out about SARS patients having lung damage
potential concern for human embryos
other viral infection in male reproduction
Zika virus can cause inflammation in the testis leading to dysfunction. It had also seen show to been sexually transmitted
HBV/HCV both invade the male germ line and could lead to hereditary effects like chromosomal aberrations
infection and inflammation may cause male infertility. Viral infections may directly affect spermatozoa
SARS may lead to orchistis, testis damage, and defective sperm.
temperature could cause testis damage, high fever could increase oxidative stress
sars-cov-2 receptors
high levels of ACE2 may have a higher susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. mainly effects respiratory tract.
ACE2 have been found only on leydig cells
ACE2 is a part of the RAAS system that can promote vasoconstriction and inflammation.
testis expression data is inconsistent
conclusion
It may activate oxidatant sensitive pathways by inflammation causing oxidative stress, hormonal balance may be damaged due to gonadal function
viremia for sexual tranmission and embryotic infection can not be determined
men are more susceptible to covid infection with a higher fatality rate