PLOT
Robinson Cruse is a young man who goes to sea, against his father's advice. He starts a sugar plantation in Brazil. During an expedition to Africa, he is shipwrecked on a desert island. He is the only survivor.
He builds himself a shelter, becomes a farmer and makes useful tools. All alone, he starts to talk to God. He rescues a prisoner from some cannibals who use the island for their killings: he names him Friday, teaches him English and converts him to Christianity. After 28 years, a ship comes in sight.
He returns to England where he learns he has become a wealthy man thanks to his plantation in Brazil.
THEMES
🚩 Middle-class is the best condition in English society
🚩 Virtues of a colonist
🚩 Economic view of the world
🚩 Development of faith and morality
🚩 God's providence :
🚩 Isolation/ idividulism
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SETTING
RELIGION
ROBINSON AS THE PROTOTYPE OF THE ENGLISH COLONISER: Robinson Crusoe is the perfect example of a colonist, because during his life he was a merchant, planter and a slave owner. He also had all the caracteristics of an 18th century colonist, he had in him the whole Anglo-Saxon spirit: The manly independence,the unconcious cruelty, the persistence, the practical and efficient intelligence, the calculating taciturnity. Last but not least, since he got stranded on the island he started to dominate, exploit and civilize it, essentially transforming it into his own little empire, and he did all this because he felt culturally and morally superior.
TIME 17th century, the same as his author, Daniel Defoe. The events cover a period of about 50 years.
PLACE
The story takes place in different places, but the most important ones are:
England, where he used to live before his adventures
Brazil, where he starts his activity
The uninhabited island where he goes after the shipwreck
In the poem religion makes an important role, Robinson Crusoe is a sinner because he disobeyed his father.
Crusoe is puritan, like Defoe (author). He then reconnects with God through the bible and hard work, so God's providence makes him rich and prosperous.
CHARACTERS
-Robinson Crusoe: a twenty-year-old from a bourgeois family, who is shipwrecked on a desert island.
-Robinson's father: a perfect bourgeois who tries to stay away from excess and who tries to teach (unsuccessfully) Robinson the joy of the quiet life.
-Portuguese captain: Robinson lets him transport him to Brazil
-Friday: the wild boy saved by Robinson as he was about to be sacrificed in a cannibalism ritual.
-Friday's Father: Saved from cannibals by Robinson and Friday.
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STYLE
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first person narrator
simple, clear, matter-of-fact language
precise details and meticulous descriptions
presented as a real autobiography
precise references to time and places
extreme realism