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What role do preventative actions play in enhancing the wellbeing of the…

- - - - OVERALL: Specific to the sport, allow increased flexibility and strength in the muscles in preparation for play, should begin gradually and end at full intensity, with out a warm up the athlete is at risk of injury
    - - OVERALL: Should be used full body first the individual stretches specific to the sport
      - Diffrent types include: dynamic, ballistic, static and PNF
    - - OVERALL: stretching can be used in a cool down in order to delay muscle soreness and bring the athlete back to pre exercise heart rate
- - - - OVERALL: The equipment needs to be kept in working order and checked regularly if not it has an increased risk of injury to the athlete
      - WHY: It needs to suit the athlete in specifically children who use modified equipment to decrease injury risk
    - - OVERALL: This is the area around the sporting event that takes place, these needs to be kept in regular order to promote wellbeing of the athlete and spectators
      - EXAMPLES: bathrooms, running water and shade
- - - - COLD
        
        OVERALL: The cold weather increases the risk of hypothermia as the body looses energy due to evaporation and radiation while blood vessel's also constrict and blood flow to muscles is limited
        
        WHY: the body loosing more heat and body temperature dropping to unsafe levels through radiation, other surfaces are also going to be cold, our bodies will also continue to loose heat through evaporation, as cold weather often comes with rain
        
        HOW: Athletes can maintain a normal body temperature by wearing jackets, long clothing and warming up properly
    - - OVERALL: Refers to water concentration in the air, the more humid the less effective sweat and evaporation is.
      - The increase of humidity increases the risk of hyperthermia as the body's temperature regulation is tempered, in a hot environment the athlete will loose less heat through radiation and more heat from the surrounding environment
    - - OVERALL: Increases convection, can be dangerous in cold conditions as body cools quickly
    - - OVERALL: can make courts and surfaces slippery making conditions dangerous and increases the risk of hyperthermia largely
      - HOW: The body looses heat through convection as water runs over the surface of the skin
    - - OVERALL:Athletes who compete at high or low altitude levels experience low oxygen levels, which if the athlete hasn't acclimatised correctly can damage their health
      - HOW: less oxygen is being transported to vital muscles and organs
    - - OVERALL: Refers to the amount the presents of contaminant in the air or environment
      - HOW: Can cause irritants within breathing lowering the amount of oxygen being transported to vital muscles and organs
  - - - CONVECTION: Heat gained by motion of fluid such as AIR or WATER- removing heat from our body, naturally occurs.
      - CONDUCTION: Heat gained by contact between 2 objects- hotter object to cooler object- helps to loose heat if the athlete is to hot but can be dangerouse if athlete is in contact with something that is to hot
      - RADIATION: The transfer of energy to to the atmosphere to loose heat but our bodies will also gain heat if in hot conditions.
      - EVAPORATION: MAIN MECHANISM, transfer of heat from our body to water while it evaporates to the atmosphere. Experienced athletes will begin to sweat before needed to lower body temperature as training continues.The higher the humidity the less effective evaporation is. CALCULATED BY LOSS OF WEIGHT + THE AMOUNT OF LIQUIDS CONSUMED IN L, THEN DEVIDE BY TIME GIVES SWEAT RATE IN L/HR.
  - - - HEAT: INCREASED oxygen consumption, DECREASED heart rate, INCREASED blood flow to the skin, earlier onset of sweating at lower body temperature
      - COLD
        
        OVERALL: important for athletes coming from hotter temperatures
        
        WHY: INCREASED metabolic rate, shivering begins at lower skin temperature
    - - TRAINING HIGH- LIVING HIGH: Allows athlete to train and live at altitude for maximum exposure
      - LIVE LOW- TRAIN HIGH: Living at sea altitude while training at a high altitude allows for athletes to train at high altitudes while resting at a normal altitude
      - LIVE HIGH- TRAIN LOW: Acclimatise to high altitude while training at maximum at sea level altitude