strand 8 gene probes
method
the separated strands are cooled in a mixture containing many DNA probes
the DNA contains the mutant allele, a probe will bind to it because of the complementary base sequence
DNA from the patient is separated by heating in to 2 single strands
the DNA is washed clean of any unbound probes
a marker is then attached to the DNA probes
the hybridised DNA will now be fluorescently/radioactively labelled with the dye attached to the probe
multiple copies of our DNA probe are formed using PCR
the dye is detected by shining light (or using a radiograph) onto the fragments causing the dye to fluoresce can be seen using a special microscope
a fragment of DNA is produced that has a sequence of bases that are complementary to the mutant allele being searched for
genetic screening
allows lifestyle changes to be made
allows early diagnosis
detection of mutation of TSG's
allows early treatment
detection of oncogenes
personalised medicine
use genotype to provide advice and healthcare
genes can affect drug efficacy
example 1: some painkillers need a specific enzyme, if a patient has reduced levels of that enzyme until the dosage is adjusted the painkiller will have less effect
example 2: diabetics, vitamin E reduces risk of CVD for some genotypes but increases risk for others, vitamin E supplements could be given to those it reduces the risk for
genetic counselling
a form of social work where patients or relatives at risk of an inherited disorder are advised of the consequences and nature of the disorder, probability of transmitting or developing it and options open to them in management and family planning. used often for potential parents.