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The discovery of the New World, When was the US Constitution drafted, by…

- - - - Columbus was a manipulative person who knew how to manipulate events for his benefit.
        
        Columbus intentions and actions:
        
        Columbus claimed the land for the king and queen of Spain upon landing, despite the presence of native inhabitants.
        
        Columbus ruled with an iron fist imposing a drastic agenda on young men from the natives above 15 to provide gold, leading to undernourishment and famine.
        
        The Native families were organized with men hunting and women rearing and caring for kids, but they could not provide food due to forced labor.
        
        Columbus' letter focused on the geographic descriptions, natural resources, and inhabitants' culture, showing the mindset of a capitalist investor, not an explorer.
        
        Columbus actions included taking possession of the land, making public proclamations, constructing buildings, exchanging with the natives, and manipulating them.
        
        Columbus intentions were to (extend) the land, a capitalistic culture.
        
        He took everything he found, including indigenous people as slaves. His motives were about gain and profit, not religion.
        
        He promised to spread Christianity in the New World, but the Native Americans were forced to convert despite their religions. In 1493, he left 39 men behind to inform the king of Spain about his discovery. However, one of the men raped a Native woman, leading to a massive atrocity. The Natives killed all the men except the rapist, who was burned alive. Columbus' men were unaware of the native's code of honour and the violence their actions would cause.
        
        On his way back, 17 ships with over a thousand people were attempting to populate the land. This uprooting disrupted the ecosystem and led to the extermination of the native people. Its result is the deaths of 95% of the indigenous population of Americans—an estimated 20 million deaths due to chickenpox, smallpox, and influenza.
      - The Arawack tribes, especially the Tainos, were the big tribes that welcomed Columbus and his crew. However, they disappeared due to Columbus's discovery of America, facing genocide, discrimination, and diseases like chickenpox, smallpox, and influenza. Possession of land and forced labor led to famine, and the population was decimated after a few years.
        
        The natives were naive and had a peaceful culture before violence interrupted it. Columbus' letter revealed their lack of iron and weapons, making them a peaceful people. The natives had no bodily deformity, indicating that they were unaccustomed to wars and violence.
        
        The Declaration of Independence:
        
        King Henry the Eighth break from the Catholic church led to religious conflicts that prompted some religious separatists(dissenters), like the Puritans and Piligrims to seek refuge in the New World. King Henry the Eighth's death had an indirect impact on the immigration of separatists to the New World.
        
        During his reign, Henry VIII established the Church of England, enforced religious conformity, and changed from Catholicism to Protestantism.
        
        After his death, his successors, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I, implemented varying religious policies that affected the separatists. Under Edward VI's Protestant rule, the separatists faced persecution, leading some to flee to the Netherlands (Continental Europe), seeking religious freedom. However, when Mary I ascended to the throne and reinstated Catholicism, the situation became even more hostile for the separatists, prompting them to continue seeking refuge abroad. With the ascension of Elizabeth I, who followed a more moderate approach, the separatists faced an atmosphere of relative tolerance.
        
        The ongoing disagreements and pressures from the established Church led some separatists to seek a clean break from England and establish their own religious communities. This quest of religious freedom ultimately caused some separatists, like the Pilgrims, to immigrate to the New World.
        
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    - - Catholics, Pilgrims, and Puritans were under the Church of England, refusing to recognize the king as head and the Anglican Bishops's authority. Immigration to the New World allowed white men to escape European customs, social hierarchies, and constraints. They were led by religious separatists who fled persecution in England for Dutch tolerance.
        
        They arrived in North America on the Mayflower ship and built their first colony in 1620, which named Jamestown.
        
        In 1620, they settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts, seeking a place to practice their faith without interference.
        
        Many British settlers were attracted by the prospect of finding new sources of wealth and opportunities for trade in the New World, and seek better economic prospects.
        
        Religious groups sought a place where they could practice their faith freely. Overpopulation and economic hardships in Britain, particularly in the 17th century, prompted some individuals and families to seek a fresh start in the New World.
        
        Many sought to escape the rigid class system of Britain and build a better life for themselves and their families. The British government encouraged colonization as a means to expand its empire, increase trade, and secure valuable resources.
        
        Following the discovery of the New World, various agencies specialized in transporting people from other parts of the world to the New World. Those people immigrated to the New World after selling everything they owned and leaving behind a stable life for the chance to grow.
        
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        Throughout the 1770s and 1760s, the North American colonists found themselves increasingly at odds with British imperial policies. They began to unite in response to British policies, fostering a sense of shared grievances and common goals.
        The British government implemented various policies that strained relations with the colonies, such as the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Townshend Acts, which increased taxation and restricted colonial trade.
        
        Two things happened in America so quickly that the demand for labor outpaced the supply of workers: agriculture and trade. immigrants were insufficient. The southern colonists were interested in agriculture, whereas the northern colonists were interested in trade.
        
        In the 18th century, the New World began to prosper economically. Britain, on the other hand, was plagued by problems and debt. It was exhausted after a century of war with France.
        
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        Indirect and direct reasons for the revolution:
        
        Some of the reasons for the revolution against Britain's control over the thirteen colonies were taxation problems caused by the attachment to Britain and the need for someone to conduct things fairly.
      - The Taino fate: Columbus's pursuit of wealth and power led to the enslavement of Natives, conversion to Christianity, forced labor on plantations, and death by diseases like chickenpox, smallpox, and influenza.
        
        The Taino people were forced to work on plantations, which impacted the livelihood of the Taino families and led to malnutrition and starvation.
        
        Additionally, males over 14 were required to deliver gold or cotton every three months, and those who failed would have their hands cut off.
        
        The remaining Tainos intermarried with Europeans and Africans, becoming incorporated into the colonies. By the end of the century, they were considered extinct.