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Myology, - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Procerus: Compresses nasal cartilages.
      - Nasalis: Aids in nasal valve dilation.
      - Depressor septi nasi: Depresses nasal tip.
  - - - Elevate upper lip: Several muscles.
      - Depress lower lip: Several muscles.
      - Retract angle of the mouth: Buccinator, risorius.
      - Dilate mouth orifice: Buccinator and orbicularis oris.
  - - - Orbicularis oculi: Closes eyelids.
      - Corrugator supercilii: Wrinkles skin between eyebrows.
      - Depressor supercilii: Pulls eyebrows downward and medially.
- - - - Orbicularis oris: Closes lips.
      - Buccinator: Deep between mandible and maxilla.
      - Risorius: Inserts at angle of mouth.
      - Levator labii superioris: Elevates upper lip and nostril.
      - Zygomaticus minor: Elevates upper lip and nostril.
      - Zygomaticus major: Elevates mouth angle.
      - Levator anguli oris: Elevates mouth angle.
      - Depressor anguli oris: Depresses mouth angle.
      - Depressor labii inferioris: Depresses lower lip.
      - Mentalis: Elevates chin skin and protrudes lower lip.
  - - - Procerus: Wrinkles nose bridge, depresses eyebrow.
      - Nasalis: Compresses nasal cartilages, dilates nostrils.
      - Depressor septi nasi: Depresses nasal septum.
  - - - Superior auricular: Raises the ear.
      - Anterior auricular: Pulls ear forward.
      - Posterior auricular: Pulls ear backward.
  - - - Origo is the more stable point of muscle attachment.
      - Facial muscles originate from the skull bone or fascia and insert on facial skin.
      - Innervation: Facial muscles by CN VII, mastication muscles by CN V3.
      - Examples: Orbicularis oris (maxilla, mandible, fascia), Zygomaticus major (zygomatic bone), Procerus (nasal bone, frontal process of maxilla).
- - - - Elevates mandible.
      - Two layers, distinct attachments.
      - Innervated by masseteric nerve.
      - Supplied by masseteric artery.
- - - - Superficial layer: Trapezius, splenius capitis, splenius cervicis
      - Deep layer: Cervical transversospinales (semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis)
      - Deepest layer: Suboccipital muscles (rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior)
  - - - Superficial: Platysma, sternocleidomastoid
      - Suprahyoid: Digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid
      - Infrahyoid: Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
      - Anterior vertebral: Rectus capitis, longus capitis, longus colli