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Enzymes - Coggle Diagram

- - - - adding suffix -ase at the end of the name of the substrate, enzymes are named
        
        In addition to the type of reaction, the identity of the substrate is taken into consideration
        
        Ex.:
        Glucose oxidase – catalysis of glucose oxidation
        Lactate dehydrogenase – catalysis of eliminating hydrogen from lactate ion
        
        As per the standard International Union of Biochemistry, name of enzyme comprises 2 parts
        
        Name of the substrate for the enzyme
        
        Type of reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. The second part therefore, ends with “ase” suffix
        Example – Lactate dehydrogenase
      - Suffix -ase recognizes a substance as that of an enzyme
- - - - Each enzyme is the specific helper to a specific reaction
        
        Structure of Enzyme
        
        Proteases
        
        breakdown proteins
        
        Lipases
        
        breakdown lipids
        
        Sucrase
        
        breaks down sucrose
        
        DNA Polymerase
        
        builds DNA
        
        Active site
        
        the region that binds substrates, co-factors and prosthetic groups and contains residue that helps to hold the substrate
        
        Active site has a specific shape due to tertiary structure of protein
        
        Substrate- The reactant in biochemical reaction
        
        Enzyme Substrate Complex- result of a substrate binding to an enzyme
        
        Binding Site
        
        Catalytic Site
- - - - Coenzyme
        
        The non-protein component, loosely bound to apoenzyme by non-covalent bond.
        
        Apoenzyme
        
        The enzyme without its non protein moiety
      - Prosthetic Group
        
        The non-protein component, tightly bound to the apoenzyme by covalent bonds.
        
        Holoenzyme
        
        an active enzyme with its non protein component.