Muscular system-Ovie fieboh period 2

3 types of muscles & their functions

Cardiac muscle -Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart and its job is to help with contractility and pumping motion provided

Skeletal muscle- skeletal muscle allows the body to move. located below the surface of the skin it also contours our physique

Smooth muscle-Involuntary muscle found in the skin, blood vessels, and the reproductive and digestive systems.Its job is to help with digestion and nutrient collection.

A major function of the muscular system

Disorders associated with the Muscular system

list of skeletal msucle

Muscles of Head

Muscles of trunk

Muscles of arm

Muscle of and leg

Flexor carpi radialis

tricep brachii

flexor carpi ulnaris

bicep brachi

deltoid

flexor digitorium superficiali

extensor digitorium

Zygomasticus

Masseter

Frontalis

platysma

Temporalis

buccinator

Sternocleidomastioid

Orbicularis oris

Orbicularis oculi

Sarcomere

Fibromyalgia

Cerebral Palsy

Myasthenia Gravis

Muscular Dystrophhy

Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction

Muscle Covering (connectice tissue coverings)

control your heartbeat and breathing, which helps digestion and allows movement. It is controlled by the autonomic nervous system

Neuromuscular junction

Action potentional in a muscle fiber

Erector spinae

Pectoralis maor

trapezius

latissimus dorsi

Rectus abdominis

External obliques

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adducotr muscles

hamstring

tibialis anterior

gluteus maximus

iliopsoas

qaudracep group

soleus

satorius

gastornemius

extensor digitorium longus

plantar flexes foot

Flexing of thigh and foward tilting of the pelvis

Prime mover of dorsiflexsion inverts foot

adduction of thigh at the hip joint

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prime mover of toe extension

synaptic cleft gap between neuron and sarcolemma

neurotransmitter=chemical messenger stored and released by synaptic vesicles into synapti cleft

acetcholine neurotransmitter for skeletal muslce

axonal terminals ends of axons many branches

connection of nerves and skeletal muslce

synaptic end bulb found in axonal terminal

synapse=cnnection between nerve with muscle and other organs

motor endplate region synaptic cleft frm synaptic end

Myosin attaches to actin forming actin crossbridges to mysosij

myosin goes toward M line of sarcomere pulling acting filaments past myosin

calcium bins to actin myofilament exposing the myosin binding site

this action is done multiple times by ATP

nerve impulse or acction potential travels down sarcolemma and into T-tubules causing sarcoplasmic recticulum to realese calcium into sarcoplasm

Z lines get closer together as actin and myosin filaments slide past each other and sarcomeres shorten(H zone disappears) shortening the entrie myofibril

Myositis

Muscle weaknes caused by genetic or myotonic factors;symptoms mental retardation muscle weakness eyelids drooping

Spastic paralyis causing muscle weakness;casued by brain injury could lead to death or seizures

a chronic (long-lasting) disorder that causes pain and tenderness throughout the body, as well as fatigue and trouble sleeping.

a chronic autoimmune disorder in which antibodies destroy the communication between nerves and muscle, resulting in weakness of the skeletal muscles.

a rare group of diseases characterized by inflamed muscles, which can cause prolonged muscle fatigue and weakness.

The action potential generated by depolarizing the endplate membrane of muscle cells increases the calcium ion concentration in muscle plasma. Troponin binds a sufficient number of calcium ions to cause a conformational change in the troponin molecule, which is then transmitted to myosin.

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A sarcomere is composed of two main protein filaments (thin actin and thick myosin filaments) which are the active structures responsible for muscular contraction.

Each muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue wrap called the epimysium. Fascia connective tissue outside the epmiysium surrounds and separates the muscle