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COPD - Coggle Diagram
COPD
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Treatments
Find a support group that will help prevent relapse to smoking as well as encourage health promotion
Oxygen therapy is provided when impaired circulation is present and clinical manifestations such as fatigue start to appear
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Lung volume reduction surgery allows extra area in the chest cavity for healthy lung tissue to expand
Inhalers that combine bronchodilators with steroids to assist in opening of the airways as well as to suppress inflammation
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Assessments needed
Spirometry: the amount and time it takes for the lungs to expel air. This evaluates for airway clearance of the lungs
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency by performing a blood test. This evaluates if the person that potentially could have COPD to see if they have a genetic predisposition to develop this disease
Oximetry and arterial blood gas: To assess the percent of oxygen bound to hemoglobin that is being distributed throughout the body. This is used to assess the circulation of oxygen to your organs.
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test: This is used to evaluate the levels of nitric oxide that is present when the person exhales air from the lungs. High levels of this could indicate that inflammation of the airways and therefore complications with breathing patterns
Medications
Antibiotics are used to decrease the exacerbation of COPD symptoms when respiratory infections develop
Medications such as bronchodilators to open the airways; short-acting that are taken before activity include albuterol, Ipratropium, etc. and long-acting that are used daily include aclidinium, arformoterol, formoterol, etc.
Medications such as inhaled steroids to decrease inflammatory levels that prevent flare ups of the airways and decrease complications. These medications include fluticasone and budesonide
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Labs or x-rays
Chest X-ray: allows for a view around the lungs to see if complications are causing your symptoms of COPD
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: Sample of blood is taken to evaluate if a genetic factor plays into your symptoms of COPD
CT scan: Performed to view any masses or tumors, build up of fluid in the lungs, etc. As well as identify the complication that results due to the obstruction causing the issues