Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
A New Nation These are the terms and events that shaped the US into…
A New Nation
These are the terms and events that shaped the US into what it is today.
These terms are related to conflicts and debates.
Conflicts and debates highlighted issues of the United States to the general public, which in turn may have gotten the attention of Congress to correct these problems.
Shays' Rebellion
Thousands of farmers were in debt from consequences of the Articles of Confederation. They wanted the Massachusetts government to protect them from the loss of their farmland. When the Massachusetts government refused, the farmers rebelled.
Whiskey Rebellion
A whiskey tax imposed by Hamilton made grain, a valuable cash crop, worth less for the western American farmers that grew it. From 1791-1794, some American farmers assaulted tax collectors.
French Revolution
In 1789, the Americans received news that the French people had revolted against their king. This made some Americans believe that freedom was spreading to Europe. Throughout the next few years, violence spiraled in France, with the only hope coming from a peaceful election of a President in America.
XYZ Affair
During the French Revolution, John Adams sent three officials (codenamed X, Y, and Z) to negotiate over French attacks to American shipping. This angered Americans who did not want to support France.
Ratification debates
Before the Constitution was ratified, Federalists and Anti-Federalists debated on whether or not the constitution should be ratified. Federalists supported it, but Anti-Federalists did not.
Election of 1800
Adams had lost the support of the general public by 1800, so he was not elected to a second term. During the election, the Democrats and Republicans claims that if the other side won, war would break it. The main competitors ended up being Republicans Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr.
These terms are related to agreements and compromises.
Without these negotiations, America would not be the same as it is today.
Great Compromise
The Great Compromise was a merging of two other plans: the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. It divided Congress into two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives.
Constitutional Convention
In 1787, representatives from 12 states came to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. They revisited each branch and ensured each one was balanced around each other.
Slavery compromises
At the Constitutional Convention, it was agreed that the foreign slave trade would be protected for 20 years, but in exchange South Carolina and Georgia supported a clause that made it easier for Congress to pass commercial legislation.
Bill of Rights
In 1787, when the Constitution was passed, its first ten amendments were called the Bill of Rights. They were created as a compromise between Federalists and Anti-Federalists.
Jay's Treaty
In late 1794, John Jay signed a treaty with Britain to resolve post-war conflicts with the country by requiring Britain to abandon military positions in Northwest territories. This also saw Britain and America become trade partners.
These terms are related to people and parties.
These terms are related to people.
James Madison
James Madison was a nationalist of Virginia who would go on to be the fourth President of the United States. He was one of the Founding Fathers of the Constitution.
Marbury v Madison
Before Adams left office, he appointed several people in the form of federal commissions. Madison refused to deliver these, so William Marbury, one of these appointees, sued the government.
Chief Marshall used Marbury's case to establish the power of judicial review.
These terms are related to parties.
These terms are related to Federalists.
Federalist Party
The Federalists supported the ratification of the Constitution. They printed the Federalist Papers to show why the Constitution should be ratified. During the French Revolution, they feared that it would spiral out of control.
Federalist Papers
These papers were published by multiple leading Federalists, such as James Madison, to get citizens to support their cause: to ratify the Constitution.
These terms are related to other parties.
Democratic-Republican Party
This party were hopeful that the French Revolution would eventually cool down. This party would split six decades after this event.
These terms are related to laws and acts.
They shaped the United States's regulations, whether lasting just a few decades or being enforced even today.
Bank of the United States
While not an act or law, our country's first bank was approved by Congress in 1791, similarly to how laws are passed. The Bank introduced millions of dollars in new financial tools for the United States.
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien Act allowed the government to deport French citizens, "aliens", out of the country. The Sedition Act allowed anyone speaking or writing falsely about the government to be prosecuted. These two laws caused a great backlash from Americans.
Kentucky and Virginia Resolves
These resolutions argued that the US government was limited to the powers granted by the Constitution. In addition, they claimed that states could declare federal laws unconstitutional. They would have an important effect over the next few decades.
Disestablishment
Before 1790, all thirteen colonies had state-supported churches. The colonies slowly phased it out, with none of them funding churches by 1833, after Massachusetts stopped its support.