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Module 11: automation in hematology - Coggle Diagram
Module 11: automation in hematology
Automated analyzer
CBC
RBC
RBC indices
WBC
hemoglobin
hematacrit
platelet
WBC diff
Can have nRBC and retic count
Analyzer is chosen by the lab based on factors such as cost, population, and lab techs
Hemogram is a test that can be ordered just on the RBC's
Principle of automation
Blood cells are poor conductors so it can measure the direct current (DC) to measure the volume of the cell
measured as "pulses"
data is displayed on a histogram where the x-axis is volume and frequency on the y axis
You have to have a solution to lyse the RBCs but not distort the WBC's
Can have hydrodynamic focusing to help keep the cells in a line and not try to pass 2 at once
Radio frequency (RF) is measured as the density of the cell
RF and DC's data are shown in a scatterplot
Scatterplot can differentiate between the cells
Optimal light scattering
A forward light is used to measure volume
a side angle light is used to correlate the cells interior
measured by photodetectors and put in either a scatterplot or a cytogram
scatter is put against either absorption or volume
Types of analyzers :
Beckman-coulter
Volume, conductivity and scatter as measuremnets
measures RBC, WBC, platelets, hemoglobin
measures hemoglobin with a hemoglobinometer at 525nm
counts everything in sets of 3 and 2/3 of them have to be the same
sysmex corporation
uses impedance, hydrodynamic focusing, fluorescent flow cytometer, and light scatter to measure
measures WBC's, RBC's, Plts, hgb
WBC's have 4 detection chanels
Hct is determined by pulse height
Hgb is bound to lauryl sulfate and read at 555nm
Abbots Diagnostic
uses impedance, hydrodynamic focusing, absorbance, fluorescence, and light scatter to measure
measures WBC, RBC, Retic, plt and Hgb
WBC/ retic is measured through fluorescence and light scatter
RBC /plt is measured through impedance with assistance from hydrodynamic focusing and light scatter
Hgb is added to imizadole and read at 540nm
Seimans
uses unifluidics technology
8 layer acrylic block with pathways so that way the machine can do flow cytometry
measures RBC, Plt, WBC, Hgb, retic
WBC has 2 channels: peroxidase chamber and a BASO lobularity chamber
Cellavision
just classifies and identifies what cells are there
it is not a cell counter