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Chemotherapeutic drugs pt.3 - Coggle Diagram
Chemotherapeutic drugs pt.3
Malaria
Primary developmental stage in the liver
P falciparum and P malariae have only one cycle of liver cell invasion
Drugs
Chloroquine
Rapidly absorbed orally
Large volume of distribution
Antacids may decrease oral absorption
Excreted largely unchanged in urine
Treats falciparum, and is solely a blood schizonticide
Causes GI distress, rash and headache
Doxycycline also used in areas with multidrug-resistant P falciparum
Primaquine
Tissue schizonticide and acts as a gametocide
Eradicates vivax and ovale
should be used in conjunction with a blood schizonticide
Contra-indicated in pregnancy
worse toxicity in G6PD-deficient patients
Artemisinin derivatives
metabolized in food vacuole forming toxic free radicals
Blood schizonticides
Short half-lives
Quinine
Rapidly absorbed orally before renal excretion
IV quinine is given in severe infections
Blocks DNA strand seperation
Blood schizonticide
Use for falciparum
Teratogen
Cinchonism can occur
Atoquavuone
Disrupts mitochondrial electron transport in protozoa
Alternative treatment for Pneumocystis