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Birth and Evolution of United Nations (UN) - Coggle Diagram
Birth and Evolution
of United Nations (UN)
Historical
Background
The Atlantic Charter (1941) by Roosevelt and Churchill laid the groundwork for the UN.
The term 'UN' coined in 1941, and the Declaration of the UN signed in 1942 by 26 Allied nations.
Emerged post-World War II to prevent future conflicts, replacing the failed League of Nations.
The Charter
First General Assembly convened on January 10, 1946.
Founded on four key goals: peace, friendly relations, international cooperation, and global coordination.
Officially launched on October 24, 1945, with 51 nations' ratification.
Membership expanded from 51 to 193 nations due to independence movements and decolonization.
Achievements
Establishment of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Human Rights Council.
Combat against diseases like smallpox and HIV/AIDS through WHO.
Humanitarian aid through agencies like WFP and UNICEF.
Leadership in climate change awareness, Paris Agreement negotiations, and sustainability promotion via UNEP.
Prevention of conflicts, mediation of peace agreements, and peacekeeping missions.
Failures
and Criticisms
Criticism of Security Council veto powers for maintaining imbalances.
Underrepresentation of Global South countries in key decision-making bodies.
Challenges in peacekeeping missions, including misconduct allegations.
Accusations of promoting neoliberal economic policies through organizations like the World Bank and IMF.
Failure to prevent genocides in places like Rwanda and Srebrenica.
India's Suggestions
for UN Reform
Emphasize development as a central pillar and advocate for SDG cooperation.
Support peacekeeping operation reform and peaceful conflict resolution.
Strengthen UN's role in addressing global challenges through multilateralism.
Advocate for transparency and inclusivity in the Security Council's working methods.
Expand permanent membership and emphasize democratic accountability.
Conclusion
While achieving significant milestones, it has faced formidable challenges.
As it enters a new decade, the UN remains a crucial force in promoting international cooperation and addressing global issues for humanity's betterment.
Founded in the aftermath of World War II, the UN has made substantial contributions to global affairs over 75 years.