Section 2
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CICLES(CESAR)
BIOMES (Maria jose peña)
FOOD CHAINS AND WEBS (Mateo)
ECOLOGY (Oicata)
Ecology is the relationship of different living things to each other and to their environment. It studies how these interactions between organisms and their environment affect their reproduction.
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ECOLOGY: COMMON TERMS (Samuel herrera)
Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various habitat construction activities, regulate the flow of energy and matter through an environment.
Biome is the name given to a group of ecosystems that share characteristics such as climate, vegetation and fauna, there are two types of biomes: terrestrial and aquatic.
The adaptation of organisms to a specific biome is closely related to the climate and geographic location of the biome.
The greatest achievement of the study of ecology is that it provides insight into the fundamental connections between organisms and the abiotic factors that make up the environment.
In recent decades, ecology has gained relevance due to the remarkable consequences of the impact of human activities on the environment.
The Biogeochemistry is the scientific discipline that studies the biological, chemical, physical, and geological processes and reactions that govern the composition of the natural environment (including the biosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere).
It is based on biogeochemicals and refers to the processes and cycles that involve the interaction between biological and also geological and chemical components of the Earth.
Desert biome:
Climate: Hot during the day, cool at night, and low rainfall. Location: Found in arid regions of North America, Africa, Asia and Australia.
Adaptations: Plants with reduced leaves or spines to minimize water loss, nocturnal animals, and with adaptations to conserve water.
Tundra biome:
Climate: Cold, with long, extremely cold winters and short, cool summers.
Location: Found in polar regions of the northern hemisphere. Adaptations: Low, cold-resistant plants, animals with thick layers of fat and insulating fur.
Among these cycles, some examples are the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the phosphorus cycle, and the water cycle as well, and there is also one for animals.
Geographic location and latitude are key factors that determine the climate, vegetation and biodiversity of a region, which in turn influence the formation and characteristics of biomes. Understanding how these factors interact is fundamental to ecology and biodiversity conservation worldwide.
Example: How far above or below sea level a location is. Temperature is colder at higher elevations because there are fewer air molecules to hold the sun's heat energy.
Biogeochemical cycles are responsible for the recycling of vital chemical elements, otherwise they would be depleted and life on the planet would be impossible.
Biogeochemical cycles involve both the different forms of life (plant, animal, microscopic, etc.) and natural inorganic elements and compounds (rain, wind, etc.). It is a perpetual movement of matter from one place to another, which allows the recycling of nutrients available in the biosphere.
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The intricate dynamics of food chains and food webs, trophic levels and biological cycles highlight the delicate balance of ecosystems. Nature's cycles, such as those of water, carbon and nitrogen, are fundamental to the sustainability of life on Earth.
Ecological pyramids provide a visual representation of trophic structures, highlighting the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem stability.
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Food chains, trophic levels and biological cycles, is essential for maintaining ecosystem stability and safeguarding the well-being of both the environment and humankind.
Recognizing the role of biodiversity in ecosystem resilience underscores the importance of conservation efforts to prevent species loss and maintain ecosystem functionality.
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As humanity faces unprecedented environmental challenges, an informed understanding of ecological dynamics is key to navigating towards a harmonious coexistence with the natural world.
Knowledge of food webs, trophic levels and biological cycles is essential to maintain the health and balance of ecosystems, prevent threats to biodiversity and ensure the sustainability of ecosystem services.
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Ecology is the science that studies the relationships between living beings and their environment, this is a broad field that covers a wide variety of topics, including:
Population: how populations of organisms are distributed and change over time.
The community: how different species interact in an ecosystem.
The ecosystem: how communities of organisms and abiotic factors (such as climate and soil) interact with each other.
Evolution: how organisms change over time in response to their environment.
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Ecologists use a variety of methods to study ecology, including:
Observation: directly observing how organisms interact.
The experiments: manipulating the environment to study how it affects organisms.
The models: create mathematical models to represent ecological interactions.
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living things and their environment. The environment includes both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors. Abiotic factors include things like temperature, water, oxygen, and light. Biotic factors include things like food, predators, parasites, and competitors.
A community is all the organisms that live in a particular area at a given time. A population is the number of a particular species that live in a particular area at a given time. A habitat is the area in which an organism lives. An ecosystem is a natural unit of living and non-living parts that interact with each other. A biome is a large, easily differentiated community unit that arises as a result of complex interactions of climate, other physical factors, and biotic factors. The biosphere is the collective interaction of all the biomes on Earth,
daptations are the ways in which organisms are suited to their environment. They can be structural, color, physiological, behavioral, or reproductive.
Structural adaptations are related to the structure of the organism's body, for example, the streamlined shape of fish helps them to swim more quickly through water.
Color adaptations are related to the organism's color, for example, camouflage helps organisms to blend in with their surroundings, warning coloration helps to warn predators of danger, and mimicry helps organisms to avoid predators by looking like other, more dangerous organisms.
Physiological adaptations are related to the organism's metabolism. For example, during hibernation, bears reduce their chemical processes to conserve energy.
Behavioral adaptations are related to the organism's behavior. For example, during the heat of the day in the desert, lizards burrow into the sand to find a cooler place.
Reproductive adaptations are related to the organism's courtship, mating, or rearing of young, for example, peacocks fan their feathers to attract a mate.
Adaptations are important because they help organisms to survive and reproduce in their environment