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Penvose-Chemistry, Concentration + Dilution, Separation technique,…
Penvose-Chemistry
Chemical Reactions
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Characteristics
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eg. temperature, smell, color, gas given out, pH changes
Precipitation
Def: soluble substance + soluble substance reaching together to produce an insoluble substance(which is the ppt) and a soluble substance
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Displacement
Def: the metal higher in the reactivity series displaces (push away from compound) the metal in the metal compound that is lower
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The higher the higher element is, the bigger the reaction
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Acid and Metal Reaction
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The lower the pH of Hydrogen, the higher the concentration, which means bigger reaction
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"a lit spill will combust with hydrogen with a squeaky pop" (a lit spill is a test for the presence of hydrogen; When brought to a flame, a hydrogen will produce a squeaky pop.
*even though the change we see can be subtle, reaction still happens
Basic Knowledges
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Balance Equations
process of ensuring that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation (The atom is acquired by multiplying the coefficient and the subscript)
Leave a line, Rule a line
Concentration + Dilution
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e.g. 8 potassium manganate particles in 10 particles of water --> 6 potassium manganate particles in 10 particles of water: DILUTION
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For acids, concentrated ones are more corrosive than the diluted ones
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Solute (which determines concentration/dilution of the solution) + Solvent (determines the volume) makes up the solution
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Decanting
Works for solutions that do not mix // have DIFFERENT density, they CAN NOT REACT
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Distillation
Simple Distillation
Pi(g) ken(con)-den-sah(ser) that cauze (costs) hundreds of pounds with a delivery arm and a round-bottom flask (富家公子哥办法 我们没得搞 :-( ）
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Purity / Pure Substance
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Marker
The boiling point and the melting point is the KEY to identify pure substances (has to be a CONSTANT)
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Basic concepts
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just 1 atom // molecule, nothing more than that
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