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What Is the best method of classifying chemical substances? - Coggle…
What Is the best method of classifying chemical substances?
What are chemical substances
Chemical Substances are composed of molecules and atoms bonded together through chemical reactions
How are molecules and atoms bonded to create a chemical substance?
Metallic bonds are a type of chemical bond that are created by the electrostatic attraction of positively charged metal ions and electrons. Transition metal atoms that are postivly charged are bonded by free flowing electrons acting like a glue.
A lot of energy is needed to overcome these bonds reulting in high melting and high boiling points for mettallic chemical substances. As these electrons can move free flowing chemical substance with mettallic bonds are great electricity and heat conductucters.
What tests are there that can classiffy metallic bonds
A conductivity test can classify substances woth metallic bonds as substances with metallic bonds conduct electricity in solid state.
As solubiltiy test can identify if a substance is a made of metallic bonds
Ionic bonding is the transfer of electrons to achieve stability in an atom. (BYJUS n.d). Ionic bonds are strong having a high melting and boiling point and are good conductors of electricity when in liquid state.
What tests
A conductivity test can classify if a substance has ionic bonds conduct electricity when in liquid state
A solubility test can classify substances with ionic bonds as ionic bonds dissolve in water
Covalent bonds refer to the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms. (Britannia N.D) This sharing of electrons is needed to stabilise the atoms since there are no enough electrons in which they can be evenly paired. No conductivity
What tests are there that can classify Covalent bonds?
A conductivity test can calssify substances wth covalent bonds as they do not conduct electricity
A solubility test can be done to classify covalent bonds as covalent bonds may disolve.
What types of substances
There are 2 main types of chemical substances heterogeneous and homogenous. Homogenous substances are when solute is not evenly distributed within the solvent. Opposite for heterogenous.
Structure of Atoms and molecules
The structural arrangement of atoms in a substance, such as in a linear, planar, or three-dimensional lattice, affects its physical properties and behavior. For example, substances with linear structures may have different properties than those with planar or three-dimensional lattice structures due to variations in bond angles and intermolecular forces.
What are some test to classify
The melting point test can help classify the structure of a substance, as the melting point of a compound is influenced by the strength and nature of the intermolecular forces between its molecules.
Variables
The state of matter of substances can effect the properties, behaviour and interactions with other substances. The states of matter .
This variable can be controlled by measures, by temperature and pressure control ensuring that the substances stay in chosen state of matter.
Concentration
Completion
Limitations
Resource Availability
Many of the tests and experiments used to classify molecule structure, particularly those involving spectroscopy, require specialized equipment and expertise typically found in university or research laboratories
Risk Assessment
Saftey Precautions
Electric Shock: Insulate equipment. Wear non-conductive gloves. Use a ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) outlet. Chemical Exposure: Work in a well-ventilated area. Wear appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles). Be familiar with material safety data sheets (MSDS). Fire Hazard: Avoid flammable materials nearby. Have fire extinguisher on hand. Use equipment designed for flammable substances. Malfunction Risk: Regularly inspect equipment. Follow manufacturer guidelines. Keep emergency shutdown procedures. Safety Precautions for Separation Techniques: Chemical Exposure: Work in a fume hood or well-ventilated area. Wear appropriate PPE (gloves, lab coat). Be familiar with chemical hazards. Fire Hazard: Avoid open flames. Use flame arrestors. Store flammable solvents properly. High Temperatures: Use heat-resistant gloves. Work under a fume hood. Be cautious when handling hot glassware.
Emergency Procedures
Electric Shock: Disconnect power immediately. Administer CPR if necessary. Call emergency services. Chemical Exposure: Rinse affected area with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Provide SDS to healthcare professionals. Fire Hazard: Evacuate the area immediately. Use the nearest fire extinguisher to suppress flames. Call emergency services. Malfunction Risk: Shut down equipment following safety procedures. Notify supervisor and maintenance personnel. Document the incident for review. Emergency Procedures for Separation Techniques: Chemical Exposure: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin thoroughly. Seek medical attention immediately. Provide SDS to healthcare professionals. Fire Hazard: Evacuate the area immediately. Use the nearest fire alarm and call emergency services. Do not attempt to extinguish large fires. High Temperatures: Cool burns immediately with cold water for at least 20 minutes. Seek medical attention for severe burns. Report the incident to a supervisor.
List of Risks
Conductivity Test Risks: Electric Shock Chemical Exposure Fire Hazard Malfunction Risk Separation Technique Risks: Chemical Exposure Fire Hazard High Temperatures Pressure Buildup
method
Substances are to undergo a sturdy brittle test
if the substances break easily the substance has either ionic or covalent bonds
A conducitvity test is done
If they conduct electricity they are ionic
If they dont they are covalent
If they dont break the substance has metallic bonds