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What is the best method to classify a chemical substance - Coggle Diagram
What is the best method to classify a chemical substance
What is a Chemical Substance
Metal
alloys
metal combines with small amounts of other metals
Metalloid
Non Metal
Gasses
brittle, dull, poor conductors and lower boiling points
Compounds
Freezing Point
Might not be able to test this, Ionic have the highest freezing point
Reactivity
oxidisation
Noble Gasses and Alkali Metals
Acidic and Basic
Ph levels and idenitfier
Acids - HCl
Groups and Periods
Density
Options for testing density is to add water to it, if it mixes with the water then the mixture has the same density as the water and can be separated again by a Bunsen burner. If it doesn't mix and floats above the water, then it has a lower density than water but if the water floats on top then it is heavier than h2o
Bonds
Ionic
Soluble in Water
Options if solid is to dissolve in water, then we know its has an ionic bond or polar covalent bond. if doesn't dissolve, then does not have ionic bonds.
Oxidization
When when one atom donates an atom to form cations, this is the oxidisation process
Covalent
Polar Covalent bonds
Soluble when bonds and chemical substance are the same polar
Metallic
-Lustrous
-Ductile
-Malleable
-Conductive
For conductive substances, conductivity testers can be used to determine if a substance is conductive meaning it could be a metal or possibly a metalloid
Reacts with Acids
Boiling Point
Melting Point
Bunsen Burner can trigger these. Covalent bonds have the lowest melting points of the three types of bonds. And ionic bonds have the highest melting point making them almost impossible to melt using a Bunsen burner. this means we can distinguish between the two bonds. Non polar covalent bonds have the lowest melting point as well.
Risks Assessment
Dangerous substance:
Flammable
Reaction can cause big flame, burns and possible explosion
Highly Reactive
Could cause explosion and injury to students
Toxic
Can get on skin or open cuts
Smelly
Alex and Farid
Limitations
Limited Supplies
Chemical Substance. We might have only a certain amount of the mystery chemical substance, meaning if we mess up, then we can't continue the practical
Equipment used are limited as we only have a certain amount of equipment and some might be faulty or not working. this means we will have to wait for other teams to finish
Acids and other chemicals. We can't waste the schools chemicals as they are expensive and other classes and students have to use them too.
Teams
Time to conduct practical in class time
lack time can either cause insufficient data or having to carry out the practical over two lessons. Insufficient data causes for lack of evidence and an incomplete report. While spanning a practical over two lessons will be troublesome as your experiment might be tampered with or
Possible Methods
Google
Chat GPT
Miss Lu
Smell
certain reactions between chemicals can produce aromas which can be identified. Generally, covalent bonds have odors
Touch
we won't be able to touch all the chemicals in the practical, but some solids we might be able to touch and get a feel for its texture which could hint at its molecular structure
Taste
We will not be able to taste any of the chemicals or anything in the lab so this sense is useless
Sight
under a Microscope. This helps identify structure of the chemical substance