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Abraham begins the 1st Monotheistic Religion: Judaism - Coggle Diagram
Abraham begins the 1st Monotheistic Religion: Judaism
The Start of Existence
Garden of Eden: A garden full of trees where Adam and Eve were first placed. It was a place of harmony between god and nature.
Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil: This tree was in the Garden of Eden, in which God specifically told Adam and Eve not to touch or eat, or they shall die
Adam: Adam was placed in the Garden of Eden by God, which made him the first human ever. He was responsible for caring for the earth and the trees. When Adam hid from god because he realized he was naked, it meant that he knew good from bad, which therefore made god remove him from the garden(earth).
Eve: Eve was created after god put Adam to sleep. He took a rib out from him and created a woman with it, who was called Eve. She was the first woman to be put on earth. She gave into the serpent's temptation and ate off of the Tree of Knowledge.
Serpent: Representation of temptation; The serpent told the woman(Eve) that she would not die if she were to eat the food of the Tree of Knowledge. He convinced her to take a bite and share it with her husband. He told the woman that as soon as she ate it, her eyes would be opened, and she would become aware.
Key Figures
Noah: Noah was a man who found favor in the lord when he decided to send a flood to cleanse the earth of temptation and corruptness because he had been righteous and obedient to the lessons and guidance of God. God told Noah to build the ark to protect himself and his family, along with a pair of every living creature to survive. When god released the flood, all living things left repopulated the earth. God then established a covenant between him and Noah to protect the living things left on earth. He is seen as a figure to remind Jews of obedience to the lord.
Abram(ham): First Patriarch of Judaism; was told by god he would be the father of great people if he did as god asked. He was the first to believe in only one god. Abram’s name was changed to Abraham, meaning “father of the people,” after he left his homeland with no direction, putting his trust in the lord.
Sarah: Abraham's wife; she spread the word of God to descendants and through the establishment of the Jewish nation promised by God to Abraham. She is a symbol of loyalty and faith and an example of fulfillment of God’s promises.
Hagar: Sarah’s maidservant, who ended up being sent away with Ishmael after tensions with Sarah.
Ishmael: Son of Abraham and Hagar, was sent away because of tension between his mother and Sarah. His story is a reminder of the complexities of life in family relationships
Isaac: Abraham’s favored son, Issac, was taken to the land of Moriah to be a burnt offering. He was laid on the altar and almost killed by Abraham when an angel suddenly told Abraham not to slay his son. He then got a ram to be placed as the burnt offering instead.
Job: The book of Job is a reflection about devotion to faith and trusting in God's plan. Job was a righteous man who went through a lot of suffering, which he could not understand why. God’s response did not necessarily clarify why bad things were happening to Job, but after Job said he could now “see” him with his eyes, and so he accepted his fate.
Jewish Sects
Pharisees: They emphasized oral tradition rather than the Torah for interpretation of Jewish law. They believed in applying Jewish law to all aspects of life and sought to be an example for others on how to live being a good Jew. They often were indifferent to sadduccess.
Sadducees: They rejected certain views of the Pharisees. They had more of a conservative approach, relying on their direct interpretation of the Torah. The members consisted mostly of priests and scholars, and they worked closely with the Temple in Jerusalem.
Essenes: A group of Jews who were known for their strict religious practices, ascetic lifestyle, and purity.
Zealots: A group of Jewish rebels who opposed Roman rule and fought for an independent Jewish state. This group was not afraid to use force in order to fight for freedoms. The zealots were a direct cause of the Jewish-Roman war and the destruction of the second temple in Jerusalem. The zealots would begin a history of battles and arguing over religious territory like Jerusalem.
Types of Judaism
Orthodox: They believe that Jews left slavery in Egypt and began a relationship with God at the Mountain of Sinai. Through the knowledge of Moses and his relationship with God, these people were given the Torah, where they followed the guidance of god. Orthodox Jews have more traditional values and emphasize values in their religious texts.
Conservative: This form of Judaism is the halfway point between orthodox and reform Judaism. It is known by many as the Hebrew word “Masorti,” which means traditional. They practice traditional Judaism while using modern knowledge.
Reform: Reform Judaism came to be because of societal changes. Some Rabbis wanted to modernize certain Jewish principles to fit better into society. The people who agreed with this converted to reform Judaism, while others continued to revert back to the traditional Jewish values. This left some Jews isolated in society, which began discrimination against Jewish people.
Temple Destruction: In the year 70, the Romans destroyed the Jewish temple in Jerusalem in an attempt to abolish the knowledge of the Talmud. They wanted to kill anyone who knew the contents of the Talmud. Jewish people knew they needed to write down the oral law and Talmud so that it wouldn’t be lost forever. This event was a tragic moment in Jewish history, and it changed many Jewish practices. This is still mourned in the Jewish faith today.
Important Terms/ Principles
Covenant: A sacred agreement/relationship between God and the Jewish people. The people would follow God's instruction and guidance in exchange for things such as land(Abraham), protection(Noah), and other desirable things
Maimonides 13 principles: Maimonides is Moses’s last name. The 13 principles are a set of fundamental beliefs meant to guide people into knowing how to be a better Jew. He lists certain principles regarding God, such as the existence of God, the absolute unity of God, the eternity of God, etc.
Messiah: A figure in Judaism who is seen as a redeemer of the Jewish people and faith.
Early Prophetic Tradition: This was during a period of time when prophets were the messengers of God who relayed messages to the people to keep them faithful to his commandments and rules.
Apocalyptic Prophetic Tradition: A theme found that in the coming of a messiah, there was an “end of the world” situation that started things brand new. For example, after the great flood, all but Noah and the living things he protected with the ark were abolished so that the creatures left could repopulate the earth free of corruption. With these apocalyptic events, the Jews believe that God is still in control and will bring a better future.