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Mind Map of Health Behavior Framework Theories in Obesity Prevention…
Mind Map of Health Behavior Framework Theories in Obesity Prevention Program
Social Cognitive Theory SCT
Key Term
Social environment is a central influence of behavior
Expectancies
Reinforcement
Positive
Negative
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
History Framework
Albert Bandura (1986, 2004)
Definition
A comprehensive psychological framework that emphasizes the importance of observational learning, imitation, and modeling in the development of behavior.
Concept
Behavior change is very complex, and interventions should consider fundamental sense of personal agency to promote health behavior*
Implementation
Screening on Body Mass Index (BMI), Dietary Assessment
May serves as examples of how SCT applied to prevent morbidity and mortality of obesity
Reasons
Relevancy in modern media and technology
Learning through observation
Role of Modeling
Reinforcement
Self-Regulation and Self-Efficacy
Cognitive Factors
Understanding prosocial behavior
Ecological System Theory
or
as known as
Bioecological System Theory
Definition
Theory that provides a way of understanding how individual's development is influenced by the various systems or environments in which they live and interact. This theory recognize that individuals are embedded within multiple layers of system
History Framework
Urie Bronfenbrenner (1979)
Key term
Health Behavior is influenced by many factors at multiple social levels
Changes directed at multiple levels are needed
Concept
This model foster behavior change through targeting the environmental factors that are most likely to influence people/s decisions and actions
Emerging paradigm
Advocate for changes in policy, regulation, and legislation that enhance people's long-term adoption of health-protective behaviors
Reasons
Basic reason for this model is that health, behaviors, and their determinants are interrelated
Has a strong potential to ultimately contribute to lasting behavior change
Implementation
Various underlying factors can be a place to implement the ecological system
Example of focus (Sarni, 2021):
Epigenetics, environment
Food and health risk: fresh vs ultra-processed foods
Environmental contaminants and obesity
Microbiome, Environment, and Obesity
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
Definition
A theory of reasoned action with another construct added.
A person or a group of people perceive that they are able to control the outcome.
meaning: that change is within their control
Key Term
Facilitating factors
Inhibiting factors
Perceived power
History Framework
Theory Reasoned Action is the primary history this model
TRA: Icek Ajzen & Fishbein (1980)
TPB: TRA + Perceived Behavioral Control: Ajzen (2002)
Concept
Predict and understand human behavior, particularly behaviors that are under voluntary control
Implementation
Can be applied through a potential facilitating and inhibiting factors relative to healthy nutrition and exercise/physical activities
Example in Obesity Prevention
Facilitating Factors
Access nutritious food from groceries is easily obtained
Eat more vegetables and fruits are doable
Exercise and physical activities in recreation center/facilities are open every day
The recreation center or physiscal activity facilities can be accessed from home or can be done at home
Inhibiting Factors
Too lazy to do exercise
It takes time to cook vegetables compare with fast food
To many distraction to have fast food, no time/busy, and peer pressure
Reason
Predictive Power
Behavior Change Intervention
Practical Applicability
Versatility
Integrative with other theories
Incorporation of Cognitive Factors, such as attitudes, beliefs, perceptions
Public policy and interventions
Benefit for research in diverse fields
Health Believe Model (HBM) Theory
Definition
Health-risks and the perceived benefits of taking actions that can influence health behaviors
History Framework
Hochbaum, Rosesstock, Kegels (1950s)
Explain and Predict Health Related Behavior Model
Key Term
Essential benefit versus - cost comparison
Concept
Preventive actions, Screening, Adherence to Medical Advice
Implementation
Example of Implementation in Obesity
Level of perceived threat imposed when thinking about the weight gain
Reason
Logical model
Well-articulated
Simple model
Health Behavior Framework Theories in Obesity Prevention Program
Social Cognitive Theory Primary Construct (SCT)
Perceived self-efficacy
Enactive Attainment
Vicarious Experience
Verbal Persuasion
Physiological State
A person's perception of his/her ability to perform a specific behavior.
Includes confidence and ability to adopt the health-protective behavior.
The most widely known construct in health behavior.
Outcome Expectations
Anticipated positive outcomes that stem from engaging in the behavior
Long-Term Outcome
Short-Term Outcomes
Knowledge
Content Knowledge
Includes understanding of advantages and drawbacks of a health behavior.
Procedural Knowledge
Involves having an understanding of how to engage in a health behavior.
a precondition for behavior change
"gateway" before complex personal and social issues
necessary as a basis for behavior change
Goal Formation
Behavior change is best achieved by breaking goals down into a progressive series of subgoals
Sociostructural factors
Refer to the broader political, economic, social and environmental conditions and institutions at national, regional or international levels
Reciprocal Triadic Causation
Environment
Person
Behavior
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Health Believe Model (HBM) Primary Construct
Perceived Treat
Primary driving force of the decision to adopt a given health-protective behavior
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Expected Net Gain
Expecting net gain of adopting the health-protective behavior
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) Primary Construct
Attitude Toward the Behavior
Individual's positive or negative evaluation of performing a particular behavior. It includes beliefs about the outcomes or consequences of the behavior and the value placed on those outcomes
Subjective Norms
Perceived social pressure or expectations to perform or not perform a behavior. Includes of significancet others, such as family, friends or colleagues on the individual's decision
Perceived Behavioral Control
Individual's perception of the ease or difficulty of performing the behavior. This includes the individual's perceived ability to perform the behavior and the presence of facilitating or hindering factors
Ecological System Theory Primary Construct
Macrosystem
Broader cultural, societal, and ideological factors that shape an individual's development. This includes cultural norms, socioeconomic status, political systems, and overarching cultural values
Mesosystem
The connections and interactions between different microsystems. It refers to the relationships between various settings in an individual's life, ex: relationship between family, or relationship between peer groups
Correlated with
Exosystem
Encompasses settings or institutions that the individual may not directly participate in but that can still influence them. Ex: parent's workplace, local government policies, or community services
Microsystem
The immediate, direct environment in which an individual interacts. Includes the people, relationships, and activities in settings such as family, school, peer, groups, and community
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Chronosystem
Recognizes the dimension of time and how changes and transition over the lifespan influence development. Includes life events, historical events, sociohistorical circumstances. It emphasizes the importance of considering how individuals by the interactions between individuals and their various environments
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Correlated with
Modifying factors (gender, age, race, SES, and knowldege) related obese
Expected net benefit of being lose weight through exercise and healthy diet to against obesity
Likelihood of seeking nurition clinic or diet therapy to decrease the weight
Perceived severity of being obese
Perceived susceptibility to getting degenerative disease as consequence of being obese
Cues to action for being lose weight
Primary Component/Aspect of Socio-structural Factors
Connection A:
Ecological System Theory has a strong relatedness with Reciprocal Triadic Causation, a construct in Social Cognitive Theory
Connection B
:
Perceived Threat in Health Believe Model has relatedness with Self-Efficacy Construct in Social Cognitive Theory
Connection C:
Socio-structural construct in Social Cognitive Theory related with Theory of Planned Behavior
Connection C
:
Socio structural construct in Social Cognitive Theory related with Theory of Planned Behavior
Connection D
:
Mesosystem and Microsystem Construct in Ecological System Theory has related with Subjective Norms Construct in Theory of Planned Behavior
Connection D
:
Mesosystem and Microsystem Construct in Ecological System Theory has related with Subjective Norm Construct in Theory of Planned Behavior