Digital divide among higher education faculty
Dimensions of ICT: The four levels: core of van Dijk's theory of digital divide
physical access
motivation
skills
usage of digital technologies
digital inequalities
significant differences in the faculty’s access
Digital divide= The gap between people who have adequate access to ICT and those who have poor access
The study: Pakistani Faculty’s ICT access
57-item Faculty’s ICT Access (FICTA) scale
Digital Technologies in the Modern era
Digital equity in education
issue for social justice
Rapid social, cultural and economic changes in society
inadequate ICT access prevents participation in society
Impact on the social position
Equitable ICT access
for teachers and students
digital divide with respect to personal and positional
categories: age, gender, and university type
322 teachers of government and private sector
The relationship of instructional usage with other levels of ICT access
Physical access to ICT at university, endogenous motivation, and general usage of ICT predicted instructional usage