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design of processes - Coggle Diagram
design of processes
a step- based approach to process design - logical steps which address question about organisation
step 1 - understanding design factors - influenced by performance objectives - second - main drivers of work are volume of work + variety of outputs from process
volume differences in how things are designed based on scale
variety - change in amount of choice
variation in demand -
disability - the ability to see the process by custoemr
step 2 - volume and variety drive the configuration of any operation
project processes - produce one-off unique outputs - big expensive and multi-disiplininary
jobbing - processes - volume is usually low and output is tailored to customer - has general purpose equipment and skilled people switching from one output to another
batch processes - batch refers to quantity of items produced as a group at the same time
mass processes - high volume customer goods
continuous process - operates 24 hours a day
professional - low volume and highly customised
service shops - some inherent variability from what customer wants from service
mass service - operate at high service and allow work to progress steadily though system with no delay.
mass customisation to achieve high volume - combination of design features - segmental structure - choice is not infifite
step 3 - layout choice -
fixed position - processes happen away from facilities - resources have to travel were work is needed elsewhere
functional arrangment - resoirces in departments
journey's through layout vary - flexible and departments - expertise and identity but complex, distances can be long, progression can be difficult customers can get lost
product layout - look at process that the work requires and divide a layout so steps are adjacent to eachotehr - no unnecessary travel
distance is minimal, work easy progress, easy to follow But - no flexibility, carefully sequenced and impersonal
hybrid and mixed layouts - flexibility of functional mind with the flow and efficiency of product layout
detailed process design
need floor plan
need to understand key objectives - cost vs revenue
cost based - unit costs are minimised, even flow of resources and minimising distance travelled
revenue - customer participates in the service - so making dicisions on what purchases to make - maximise travel so spend more
questions
easy to fin way round
easy to supervise
comfortable environment
safe
accessable and usable
cleaned and maintained
space efficient
can design be changed