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W11 Successful Ageing (Urtamo) - Coggle Diagram
W11 Successful Ageing (Urtamo)
Definitions
Rowe & Kahn
High physical, psychological and social functioning in old age w/o major diseases
lacks emphasis on lay perception of successful ageing
diverted research attention from pathologically impaired elderly individuals to other older adults
Perspectives
Population
determinants of health and participation for purpose of promoting policies
Individual
defined by health, physical, cognitive function and life involvement outcomes
Biomedical
Physiological Function
Current situation for older population
:arrow_up: multimorbidity, frailty, disability
associated with lower quality of life in old age
increasing number of individuals reaching over 80 years
Good self-rated health and low cardiovascular risk factors in midlife associated with active and healthy ageing
SA Definitions
Absence of disease and disability
not the most important element
adaptive psychological social mechanisms can compensate for physiological health limitations
Longevity
used as definition of successful ageing in many studies
Cognitive function
SA definition
maintaining cognitive abilities and preventing memory disorders
perception, attention, memory, higher functions
midlife critical period for beginning of pathology of cognitive disorders
:arrow_up: cognitive functioning
compensation for age-related changes
large cognitive reserve
reliance on memory
Limitations
large differences in standards of successful cognitive ageing across studies
clinical cognitive measurements may not reflect cognitive psychology concepts well
Physical function
Frailty
Indicators
Walking speed
excellent marker of overall health
predicts maintenance of physical function
Ability to perfom ADLS
Physical performance tests
Psychosocial
Models
Model of Selective Optimisation with Compensation
explains adaptation to ageing deficits with successful
psychological
and
behavioural
processes
Young and colleagues
compensation of physiological limitations with
psychological
and
social
dimensions
Actively engaged in life
Indicators
Loneliness
Social activity
Emotional and instrumental support rendered to others
Examples
taking part in voluntary work
participation in sport or clubs
Psychologically well adapted in later life
Indicators
Conceptual definition
life satisfaction
purpose in life
perception of ageing process