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immune tolerance, insert the photo of the postitive negative selection…
immune tolerance
selection
positive selection
we keep for lymphocytes with TCRs that
have low to moderate affinity for
self-MHC presenting self peptides
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negative selection
apoptosis for the T cells with receptors
that bind to self peptide MHC complexes with a high affinity
- else they will cause an autoimmune response
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Autoimmune regulator (AIRE)
- this will explain how do we test lymphocytes with the antibodies of cells that are not produced in the thymus (where the cells differentiate and mature)
- the thymus will temporarily express the antigens that are not supposed to be found in the thymus but are found elsewhere
- mutations of the AIRE will cause there to be autoimmune diseases
immunity vs tolerance
immunity: Immune activity triggered during infection, in response to a wide diversity of antigens derived from pathogens
tolerance: Tolerance to self antigens expressed in different parts of the body at different times during development, or expressed on neighbouring uninfected cells
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