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Concept Map: 04 Skeletal Samantha Chavez Per.3 - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map: 04 Skeletal
Samantha Chavez
Per.3
Names of all the bones
Leg
Tibia and Fibula
Tarsus
Talus and Calcaneus
Forearm
Ulna and Radius
Hipbone ( Pelvic girdle )
Ilium, Pubis, and ischium
Hand ( Phalanges of fingers )
Proximal, Middle, and distal
Shoulder girdle
Clavicle and scapula
Head
( front of the head ) Frontal bone, nasal bone, temporal bone, zygomatic bone, maxilla, and mandible
( Back of the head ) Parietal bone, occipital bone, temporal bone, 1st cervical vertebra ( atlas ), 2nd cervical vertebra ( axis )
Types of bones
Short bone
Flat bone
Long bone
Humerus
Femur
zygomatic bone
frontal bone
Carpal bones
Ethmoid bone
Occipital bone
Parietal bone
Scapula
Microscopic anatomy of bone tissue
Lamellae
Capillary
Osteons
Arteriole
Endosteum
Trabeculae of spongy bone
Bone remodeling
This process of skeletal change is known as bone remodeling, which both protects the structural integrity of the skeletal system and metabolically contributes to the body's balance of calcium and phosphorus. Remodeling entails the resorption of old or damaged bone, followed by the deposition of new bone material.
Anatomy of the long bone
Proximal epiphysis
Metaphysis
Diphysis
Articular cartilage
Yellow bone marrow
Spongy bone
Red bone marrow
Compact bone
Endosteum
Epiphyseal line
Bone fracture repair
Greenstick
Fissure or hairline
Impacted
Avulsion
Comminuted
Spiral
Oblique
Transverse
A ) Blood escapes from ruptured blood vessels and forms a hematoma
B ) Spongy bone forms in regions close to developing blood vessels, and fibrocartilage forms in more distant regions
C ) A hard ( bony ) callus replace the fibrocartilage
D ) Osteoclasts remove excess bony tissue restoring new bone structure much like the original.
Joints
Fibrous - composed of dense connective tissue
Cartilaginous - composed of cartilage
Synovial - having a complex structure
Pivot ( trochoid ) joint
Saddle ( sellar ) joint - permits a variety of movements, mostly in two planes ( biaxial )
Differences between male and female skeleton
The most important difference between the male and female skeletons is found at the level of the pelvis. The female pelvis is adapted for gestation: it is not as high and is proportionately wider than that of the male.
Disorders/diseases
Osteoarthritis - protective cartilage at ends of bones wears down
Osteosarcoma - malignant bone tumor
Osteomyelitis - an inflection in the bone
Osteogenesis Imperfecta - A genetic disorder that causes brittle bones
Paget's Disease - Metabolic bone disease affecting the break down and rebuilding of bone
Movements allowed by Synovial Joints
Circumduction
Pronation
Plantar flexion
rotation
Dorsiflexion
Supination
Eversion
Inversion
Protraction
Retraction
Elevation
Depression
