Text connecting devices. The notion of textual cohesion.
Text-Connecting Devices
A. Types of Text-Connecting Devices
- Coordinating Conjunctions: Join independent clauses (e.g., and, but, or).
- Subordinating Conjunctions: Establish relationships between main and subordinate clauses (e.g., although, because, since).
- Adverbial Connectors: Modify entire sentences (e.g., however, therefore, consequently).
- Pronominal References: Use of pronouns to refer to nouns (e.g., this, that, these, those).
- Repetition and Synonyms: Repeating words or using synonyms for emphasis and clarity.
Notion of Textual Cohesion
A. Definition: Textual cohesion refers to the grammatical and lexical relationships that connect various parts of a text to form a unified whole.
B. Importance:
- Enhances Comprehension: Helps readers understand the logical flow of ideas.
- Improves Coherence: Ensures smooth transitions between sentences and paragraphs.
- Aids Retention: Facilitates easier recall and understanding of the content.
C. Types of Cohesion
- Lexical Cohesion: Use of words and vocabulary to create connections.
- Grammatical Cohesion: Use of grammar and syntax to link sentences and ideas.
- Reference Cohesion: Use of pronouns and definite articles to refer back to previously mentioned concepts.
- Conjunctive Cohesion: Use of conjunctions and adverbs to express logical relationships.
Examples:
- Lexical Cohesion: "The cat sat on the mat. It was soft and warm."
- Grammatical Cohesion: "He enjoys playing the guitar, but he prefers singing."
- Reference Cohesion: "Mary had a little lamb. It followed her everywhere."
- Conjunctive Cohesion: "She was tired. Therefore, she went to bed early."