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Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Coggle Diagram
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
where
Upper Respiratory System
External Nose
Nasal Cavity
Palate
Conchae
Paranasal Sinuses
Tongue
Pharynx
divided into
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Larynx
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Common Cold and Flu
Cold is caused by rhinoviruses, parainfluenza, RSV, and seasonal coronaviruses.
Only caused by influenza A and B
Pharyngitis
it is
Inflammation of the pharynx
caused by
Adenoviruses are the most common cause of sore throats- Less commonly caused by Group A streptococcus
Croup in Children
Croup is an acute viral URTI in children (6mo- 3 years) that obstructs breathing. It is caused by Parainfluenza type 1 virus
what it is
A class of sleep apnea syndrome.
Causes & risk factors
Old age
Gender
Obesity
Alcohol
Allergies
Family history.
caused also by paralysis of genioglossus
Pathophysiology
normally:
Neural Breath Control
Signs & Symptoms
Snoring
what it is
causes
Obesity
Sleep position
Pregnancy
Nasal Congestion or Allergies
Abnormal mouth anatomy
Age
Witnessed apneas
Gasping and choking sensations
Nocturia
Insomnia; restless sleep
what helps with insomnia?
Sleep Hygeine
Nonrestorative sleep
normal sleep cycle
Morning headache
Excessive daytime sleepiness
Daytime fatigue
Morning confusion
Personality and mood changes
Hypertension
Investigations
Polysomnography
Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT)
daytime nap study that measures how quickly a person falls asleep during the day
CT or MRI
assess the physical structure of the upper airway
to see
Management
Positive airway pressure (PAP)
Alternatives
1) Positional therapy
2) Oral appliances
3) Surgical
Weight control
Mandibular advancement devices
Upper airway surgical approaches
comorbidity in patients with
Restrictive Lung Disease