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Consonants - Coggle Diagram
Consonants
Lingual
Dental
Interdental
English [θ] and [ð] are dental fricatives.
Alveolar
(the tip or blade of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge)
[t], [d].
Retroflex
(the tongue tip is curled backward in the mouth)
[r]
Post-alveolar
(the tip of the tongue touches the back of the
alveolar ridge)
[t∫], [∫], [dʒ], [ʒ].
Palatal
(the front of the tongue articulates with the hard palate)
[j]
Velar
(the back of the tongue articulates
with the soft palate)
[k], [g], [ŋ].
Labial
Bilabial
(made with the help of the two lips)
[p], [b], [m].
Labiodental
(the lower lip articulates with the upper teeth)
[f], [v].
Noisy
Affricate
Produced by involving more than one of those manners of articulation. Firstly, produce the sounds in the alveolar ridge, then followed by or combined with fricative sounds.
[t∫], [dʒ]
Plosive
Produced by the obstruction of air stream from the lungs followed by a release of the air stream. [p, b, t, d, k. g]
Glottal
(produced in the glottis, between the vocal cords)
[h]
Bowed\slit
Bowed: [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g], [m], [n], [ŋ], [t∫], [dʒ].
Slit: [f], [v], [θ], [ð], [s], [z], [∫], [ʒ], [h], [w], [l], [r], [j].
Fricative
Produced by the release of a 'frictionlike noise' created by the air stream escaping through a variant of narrow gaps in the mouth.
[f], [v], [θ], [ð], [s],[z], [∫] [ʒ] [h]
Nasal
(made with the soft palate down - air passing through the nose)
[m], [n], [ŋ]
Approximant
(produced by proximity (closeness) of two articulators without turbulence (hard movement and frictionlike noise).
[w], [r], [j]
Voiced
(accompanied by vibrations of the vocal cords)
[b], [d], [v], [g]