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Ancient Egypt ASPIRE by: Danna and Lia - Coggle Diagram
Ancient Egypt ASPIRE by: Danna and Lia
Area
The Nile
The Nile River is the longest river whole world.
4,000 miles long
Shaped like a lotus flower
Run off mountains and would flood
Black rich fertile soil was left behind.
Called this rich soil The Gift of the Nile.
Irrigation & Flooding
Egyptians grew Barley and wheat in their fields
The soil was fertile by the Nile river.
The yearly floods helped with the irrigation.
Upper and Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt is the northern part.
Lower Egypt is very different from upper Egypt.
Papyrus grew here.
Upper Egypt is the southern part
This part of Egypt is more dry and less water sources
Bordering Nubia and the southern part of Eygpt
Politics
Upper and Lower Egypt United
3100 B.C.E
King Menes ruled Upper Egypt
Conquered Lower Egypt
White crown Lower Red Upper
Menes built Memphis
Found first Dynaties
Prominent Pharaohs
Akhenaten made people into another religion
Cleopatra like Isis used her beauty as an advantage
Hatsheput a women paharoh rules 20 years expanded trade
Khufu built the largest prymaid
Tutankhamun became pharaoh at 9
Ramses II greatest pharaoh rules over 70 years
System of Government
Government revolved around pharoh
Believed to be living god
Pharaoh had limited power over
Social Structure
Nobles
Below pharaohs and priests
Hold government posts
They profited from tributes paid to the pharaoh
Great status
A Day in the Life of a Woman
Morning
Starts by making breakfast
Wearing a rough linen dress
Wore amulets when pregnant to protect baby due to god Taaret
Goes to market
sprinkles water and natron cleansing salts to keep the insects away
Start laundry
Afternoon :
Makes light lunch
Putting away laundry
Deal with children
Cooks bread
Evening
Goes to bed
Bread is done
Makes dinner
The Middle Class
Soldiers
Fought in wars or stopped uprisings inside the country
Supervised the peasants and etc.
Doctors and crafts people made up the middle class
Merchants and storekeepers
The Highest Class
Believed that their pharaohs were gods
Entrusted their rulers with many responsibilities
Pharaoh directed the army
All laws were discretion of the pharaoh.
Farmer paid taxes which stored in pharaoh's warehouse
Viziers and Scribes
Chief minister, called a vizier
Vizier ensured that taxes were collected
Scribes who kept government records
The Lowest Class
Slaves and farmers
Slavery became the fate of those captured as prisoners of war
Forced to work
Farmers paid taxes at least 60% of harvest
Moving up social pyramid not possible.
Inventions
Hieroglyphics
Used pictures to communicate
Recorded ideas
Some have more than one mean
Represent in sound and pictures
Egyptian Math
Invented a decimal system
Used 7 different symbols
Higher number is always written in front of the lower number
Building the Pyramids
Served at the burial tomb of Pharaohs.
Great pyramids apart of seven wonders
Over 450 feet tall
More than 2 million huge blocks
Weigh 3 tons or more
20,000 and 30,000 workers spent 80 years building the pyramids at Giza.
Economy
A Day in the Life of a Farmer
The farmers day started with a shower.
They would feed all of their animals
They would have a hard working day.
When they arrived home they ate dinner.
Trade
The main exports from Egypt were gold and other minerals
The Egyptians traded with many other Countries.
Main trades: gold and other minerals, wheat, barley and papyrus sheets:
Crafts
Linen textiles, pottery, bricks, tools, glass, weapons, furniture, jewelry, perfume, rope, baskets, mats and writing material
There Crafts were colored by raw materials. like copper, charcol and many other natural materials.
One of their crafts was jewelry.
They also made perfume for the wealthy women.
Agriculture
Was the main economic activity
Main crop wheat and barley
Flax grown by farmers
Religion
The Afterlife & Weighing of the Heart
Egyptians loved their gods
Only afraid of Ammut.
Ammut was the Devourer.
Believed you traveled to an afterlife
Having after life is light heart
Mummification
Lead a good life and preserve the body
Several steps involved in mummification
Aim to look life alike apperance
Organs were removed and dried
Brain is removed.
Organs were kept in canopic jars.
The Creation Myth
Earth covered in nun.
A mound of earth emerged.
Opened and the first god, Ra.
Ra started creating other gods
Gods had kids
Ra
Most important god
Sun god
Depicted in many forms
Osiris
God of underworld
Once king of Egypt
Brother of Seth
Murdered/Cut up by Seth
Wife put back together
Horus
Falcon god
Horus's eye became a symbol of healing
Associated with the sun god
Took revenge on seth
Lost his eyes but got healed
Seth
Sent to live in desert
Not evil god
Jealous of Osiris
Powers of destructive and wild forces of nature
Anubis
Jackal-headed god
God of embalming and mummification
Roaming around desert where Egyptian where buried
