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Ancient Egypt Aspire Mind Map: Eddy Truong, Christian Aviles, Tommy H,…

- - - - ideograms= pictures have multiple meetings
      - pictograms= when pictures actually mean what they look like
      - were called hieroglyphs
      - recorded ideas using pictures
    - - 10 was shown by drawing one hobble
      - 100 was show by drawing one coil of rope
      - looks similar to roman numerals
      - Egyptians invented a decimal system
      - 1 was represented by 1 stroke
      - used 7 different symbols
    - - 20-30 thousand workers spent over 80 years building Pyramids
      - only Ancient Wonder still standing
      - considred one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
      - Known as the Great Pyramid
      - Served as a burial tomb for Pharaoh Kufu
- - - - Wheat and barley
        
        Flax was a popular commodity
        
        Main economic activity
    - - reed sandals
        
        Wife grinds wheat to make bread
        
        Life depends on the sun
        
        Bread is main part of diet
        
        Cattle and ducks
        
        Bread is given to temple for taxes
        
        Work all day
    - - Trade
        
        trade was important
        
        products were bartered
        
        good were imported and exported
        
        No typical money system
        
        Queen Hatshepsut sent an expedition down the Red Sea
        
        Main exports were gold and other mineral
        
        Traded with countries in the Mediterranean Sea
        
        got frankincense, trees, elephants’ tusks, ebony, gold, spices, and foreign animals
  - - - carvings of gods showed respect to them
      - would work for wealthy people
      - would make masks of pharoahs
      - villagers would trade crops for artwork
      - Produced in small shops
      - Colors
        
        Red-ochre
        
        yellow-iron oxide
        
        White powdered-limestone
        
        blue-copper
        
        Black-Charcoal
        
        green-malachite
- - - - Afterlife resembled the delta, a rich and fertile marshy area
    - - Everything had ka
      - ka was like the soul
      - Ka was used to go to the afterlife.
    - - completely dry the body to stop decomposition maintaining a life-like appearance for the body.
      - organs were removed and dried
      - brain was removed through the nose with a sharp instrument
        
        Brain was not consider important in the after life.
      - The heart was kept in the body.
        
        heart was the seat of intellect and emotion
      - Cut to the lower left side of the abdomen through which the stomach and intestines were removed
        
        Vital organs were kept
      - body was filled with sawdust or sand to keep its original shape
      - The body was then covered with natron salt to dry out the body
      - excess fluid would drain away
      - organs were left to dry
      - Natron was removed and embalmers
        
        did their best to restore a life-like appearance after 40 days
      - rubbed oil and spices into the skin to make it supple
      - Body was packed with linen
      - Ears, nostrils, the mouth and eyes were sewn shut.
      - The read the Book of the Dead to help guide the deceased's soul to judgment
  - - - Earth was called nun
    - - Ra was the first god
        
        Became the sun god
        
        create people other gods
      - Shu god of air and Tefnut god of moisture children of Ra
        
        Became married
        
        had four kids
        
        Osiris, Isis, Seth and Nephthys.
    - - most important god
      - Sun god
      - depicted in many forms
      - shown as a falcon-headed man with a sun disk on top of his head
      - had human form
    - - god of the underworld
      - life was a popular myth
        
        once the king of Egypt
        
        Seth murdered Osiris
        
        cut up Osiris' body and threw the pieces into the Nile
        
        HIs wife collect the pieces of Osiris
        
        Osiris was brought back to life and ruled the underworld
        
        help from Anubis, Ra and Thoth
        
        Horus avenged his father's murder.
      - symbol of life, death and resurrection
      - associated with corn
        
        associated with the destructive waters of the Nile flood
    - - falcon god
      - associated with the sun
      - living pharaoh was an incarnation of Horus
      - protected by his mother Isis to stop Seth murdering him
      - he pursued Seth for revenge
      - defeated Seth
      - Horus lost his eye
      - Thoth healed his eye
      - Horus's eye became a symbol of healing
      - amulet to bring good health
      - Became king of Egypt
    - - jealous of his brother Osiris
      - He was sent to live in the deserts of Egypt
        
        associated with chaos
        
        uninhabited except for wild animals
      - not an evil god
      - associated with destructive and wild forces of nature
        
        For example lightning, rains,winf, thunder and storms
    - - god of embalming and mummification
      - jackal-headed god
      - identified with the jackal
        
        jackals were seen roaming close to the buried peopled
      - presiding over the art of mummification and protecting the dead
    - - Thoth (learning)
      - Khonsu (the moon)
      - Sobek (water),
      - Isis (wisdom and magic)
      - Hathor (love and fertility).
- - - - Fought in wars
      - Stopped uprisings inside the country
      - Supervised farmers, peasants, and slaves who worked on buildings like the palaces.
    - - Craftsperson
        
        Made and sold papyrus, pottery, jewelry, products, tools, and other useful things
        
        Sold goods to public.
        
        People go to artisans and traders for goods.
      - Doctors
        
        Help people.
  - - - tended to the fields
      - raised animals
      - kept canals and reservoirs in good order
      - worked in the stone quarries
      - built the royal monuments
      - Can rise in the social pyramid
    - - Captured as prisoners of war
      - Forced to work on building projects
      - Forced to work very hard my pharaoh and nobles
  - - - supervisor for the pharaoh
      - Make sure taxes are collected
      - Help with the pharaoh's duties
    - - Kept government record
      - Have are rare ability to read and write
  - - - Start to make food
      - Start light lunch for children
    - - Dinner is ready
      - eat with children
      - Go to sleep.
    - - make breakfast
      - wearing a rough linen dress and has a reed necklace with an amulet to the pregnant goddess Tawaret
      - Do grocery shopping
      - do laundry at the river
      - Start to do daily chores areound the house