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OVERPOPULATION: CAUSE AND EFFECT - Coggle Diagram
OVERPOPULATION: CAUSE AND EFFECT
CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING OVERPOPULATION
ABUSE OF DISCUSSIONS
SOME PEOPLE MAY USE DISCUSSIONS ABOUT OVERPOPULATION TO SUGGEST THAT CERTAIN GROUPS OF PEOPLE ARE "WRONG" AND SHOULD NOT BE ON THE PLANET
NO "RIGHT" OR "WRONG" PEOPLE
EVERY HUMAN BEING HAS A LEGITIMATE CLAIM ON EARTH'S RESOURCES, AND DISCUSSIONS ABOUT OVERPOPULATION SHOULD NOT BE USED TO DISCRIMINATE AGAINST CERTAIN GROUPS
OVERPOPULATION AS AN EXCUSE FOR DISCRIMINATION
DISCUSSIONS ABOUT OVERPOPULATION SHOULD NEVER BE USED AS A PLATFORM FOR HAVING DISCRIMINATORY CONVERSATIONS
IMPACT OF OVERPOPULATION ON EARTH'S RESOURCES
UNSUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION RATES
THE AVERAGE PERSON ON EARTH CONSUMES AT A RATE OVER 50% ABOVE WHAT IS SUSTAINABLE, AND THE AVERAGE PERSON IN THE UNITED STATES USES ALMOST FIVE TIMES MORE THAN THE SUSTAINABLE YIELD OF THE PLANET
POTENTIAL FOR SMALLER POPULATION WITH PROGRESS IN WOMEN'S REPRODUCTIVE SELF-DETERMINATION
IF PROGRESS IS MADE IN WOMEN'S REPRODUCTIVE SELF-DETERMINATION AND FERTILITY FALLS MORE THAN EXPECTED, THE POPULATION IN 2100 COULD BE SMALLER AT 7.3 BILLION
ECOLOGICAL BREAKING POINT
WITH A POPULATION OF ALMOST 8 BILLION, EVEN IF EVERYONE ADOPTED A LOW MATERIAL STANDARD OF LIVING, EARTH WOULD STILL BE PUSHED TO ITS ECOLOGICAL BREAKING POINT
CAUSES OF OVERPOPULATION
DECREASE IN INFANT MORTALITY RATES
THE GLOBAL INFANT MORTALITY RATE HAS DECREASED, WITH 4.1 MILLION INFANT DEATHS IN 2017 COMPARED TO 8.8 MILLION IN 1990
INCREASE IN LIFESPANS
ADVANCEMENTS IN MEDICINE, TECHNOLOGY, AND HYGIENE HAVE LED TO AN INCREASE IN LIFESPANS, WITH GLOBAL AVERAGE LIFE EXPECTANCY MORE THAN DOUBLING SINCE 1900
IMBALANCE BETWEEN BIRTHS AND DEATHS
THE PRIMARY CAUSE OF POPULATION GROWTH IS AN IMBALANCE BETWEEN BIRTHS AND DEATHS, WITH DECREASING MORTALITY RATES AND INCREASING LIFESPANS CONTRIBUTING TO THE MATHEMATICS OF INCREASING POPULATION NUMBERS
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO UNSUSTAINABLE TRENDS
UNDERUTILIZED CONTRACEPTION
THE GLOBAL FERTILITY RATE HAS FALLEN, BUT UNDERUTILIZED CONTRACEPTION REMAINS A FACTOR IN UNSUSTAINABLE POPULATION GROWTH
LACK OF EDUCATION FOR GIRLS
A LACK OF EDUCATION FOR GIRLS IS ALSO A CONTRIBUTING FACTOR TO UNSUSTAINABLE POPULATION GROWTH
FALLING MORTALITY RATES
WHILE FALLING MORTALITY RATES ARE A POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT, THEY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO UNSUSTAINABLE POPULATION GROWTH
CONTRACEPTIVE USE
UNDERUTILIZATION
DESPITE THE INCREASE, CONTRACEPTIVE USE IS STILL UNDERUTILIZED, WITH AN ESTIMATED 214 MILLION WOMEN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NOT USING MODERN CONTRACEPTIVES
REASONS FOR NON-USE
SOCIAL NORMS, RELIGIOUS BELIEFS, MISCONCEPTIONS, AND LACK OF AGENCY ARE ALL REASONS WHY WOMEN MAY NOT USE CONTRACEPTIVES
GLOBAL INCREASE
CONTRACEPTIVE USE HAS SLOWLY BUT STEADILY INCREASED GLOBALLY, RISING FROM 54% IN 1990 TO 57.4% IN 2015
LACK OF FEMALE EDUCATION
POSITIVE EFFECTS OF EDUCATION
INCREASING AND ENCOURAGING EDUCATION AMONG WOMEN AND GIRLS CAN LEAD TO DELAYED CHILDBEARING, HEALTHIER CHILDREN, AND AN INCREASE IN WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION
CORRELATION WITH FERTILITY RATES
EVIDENCE SUGGESTS A NEGATIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN FEMALE EDUCATION AND FERTILITY RATES, MEANING INCREASED EDUCATION COULD HELP MITIGATE CURRENT POPULATION TRENDS
GENDER GAP
WHILE FEMALE ACCESS TO EDUCATION HAS INCREASED, THERE IS STILL A GENDER GAP, WITH ROUGHLY 130 MILLION GIRLS WORLDWIDE OUT OF SCHOOL AND 15 MILLION GIRLS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE WHO WILL NEVER LEARN TO READ AND WRITE
EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION
STRAINS ON RESOURCES
AN INCREASE IN POPULATION LEADS TO AN INCREASED DEMAND FOR RESOURCES SUCH AS FOOD, WATER, HOUSING, ENERGY, HEALTHCARE, AND TRANSPORTATION, WHICH CAN CONTRIBUTE TO ECOLOGICAL DEGRADATION, CONFLICTS, AND DISASTERS
REDUCTION OF EMISSIONS
STUDIES SHOW THAT HAVING ONE FEWER CHILD PER FAMILY COULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE EMISSIONS, HELPING TO MITIGATE THE EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION ON THE ENVIRONMENT
ECOLOGICAL DEGRADATION
OVERPOPULATION CAN LEAD TO DEFORESTATION, DECREASED BIODIVERSITY, AND INCREASED POLLUTION AND EMISSIONS, EXACERBATING CLIMATE CHANGE AND POTENTIALLY THREATENING THE VIABILITY OF LIFE ON EARTH
INCREASED CONFLICTS
SCARCITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTION
THE SCARCITY CAUSED BY OVERPOPULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTION CAN LEAD TO AN INCREASE IN VIOLENCE AND POLITICAL UNREST, AS SEEN IN CURRENT CONFLICTS OVER RESOURCES LIKE WATER, LAND, AND ENERGY
OVERPOPULATION AS AN EXCUSE FOR DISCRIMINATION
AS THE GLOBAL POPULATION CONTINUES TO GROW, CONFLICTS OVER RESOURCES ARE LIKELY TO INCREASE, LEADING TO FURTHER TURMOIL AND INSTABILITY