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Unit 4: Section 4: Supreme Court - Coggle Diagram

- - - - United States v. Virginia (1996)
        Virginia's Millitary Institute's gender-biased admissions policy, Virginia violated the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause.
    - - Tison v. Arizona (1987)
        Right of an individual to "keep and bear arms", as protected under the Second Amendment and incorporated by the 14th Amendment and is thereby enforceable against the states
    - - United States v. Hayes (2009)
        Conviction of a misdemeanor battery does not qualify as a crime of domestic violence
    - - Federal Republic of Germany v. United States (1999)
        Vienna Convention on Consular Relations granted rights to individuals and that domestic laws could not limit the rights of the accused under the convention
  - - - President nominates candidates and submits the names to the Senate
        
        Gives the President power to choose nominees for key government jobs and power to select members of another branch (the Judicial branch).
    - - Members of the Executive Branch review the qualifications of the nominee
        
        Ensures that other members of the executive branch approve of the nominee and help ensure he/she supports the President’s efforts.
    - - Nominee fills out forms (after all this is the government) and discloses information about their financial status.
    - - FBI investigates nominees for past actions and any possible encounters with the law.
    - - Members of the Senate Judicial Committee interview and question nominees about a wide range of topics related to their qualifications and past cases.
        
        Senate hearings ensure that representatives from the Legislative Branch (representing citizens) has an opportunity to verify the nominees’ qualifications.
    - - The full senate confirms or rejects the appointment of the nominee by a majority vote.
        
        Majority vote from Senate ensures the Legislative Branch is in favour of the executive Branch’s nominee or rejects it because they feel the person isn’t qualified.
- - - - hears cases involving public officials or where states are a party
    - - highest court of appeal
    - - Justices can interpret constitution literally
    - - Justices can interpret constitution by ‘reading between the lines’
- - - - The Court gave itself the power of judicial review.
      - It has declared more Acts of Congress unconstitutional as the decades have passed
      - It has made decisions that are out of line with the majority of public opinion.
      - Unelected body
    - - It is checked by Congress, which may initiate constitutional amendments, effectively overriding Court decisions.
      - Congress has the power of impeachment
      - It has no initiative power: it must wait for cases to come before it.
      - It is dependent upon the rule of law and other branches of government to enforce its decisions