Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Relationship Between BMR and Primary Diet Type - Coggle Diagram
Relationship Between BMR and Primary Diet Type
Introduction
Background
Studies show that in birds and mammals, a higher body mass also means a higher BMR; discuss Speakman paper
According to Speakman, birds and mammals with higher body masses live longer than those that are smaller.
Hypothesis
Herbivores have a higher mean body temperature, therefore have a higher BMR than carnivores (Clarke and O'Conner 2014)
Herbivores require warmer body temperature than carnivores.
A higher average body mass positively correlates to a higher average BMR
Approach
Compare average body mass to average BMR in both birds and mammals
Compare primary diet (herbivore vs carnivore) and average BMR in mammals
Method
Birds (Aves) and Mammals (Mammalia) were used when comparing body mass and BMR
Mammals were used when comparing primary diet and average BMR
Data was extracted using Quaardvark for all data points
Data was organized by filtering for average body mass and average BMR for both birds and mammals
Data was organized by filtering for mammals and primary diet (herbivore and carnivore) Omnivore was excluded.
Performing two sample t-tests with the data comparing body mass and BMR for birds and mammals to determine statistical significance.
Abstract
Using data to assess how primary diet correlates to average basal metabolic rate (BMR) in mammals
Retrieving data by extracting it using Quaardvark, and comparing the data. Then using a two sample t-test to discover relationship between two variables (body mass vs bmr, primary diet vs bmr)
Using data to compare how body mass affects average BMR in birds and mammals
Strong positive correlation between body mass and BMR in birds and mammals. In mammals, herbivores present higher average BMR than carnivores.
Discussion
Statistical analysis shows a positive relationship between average body mass and average BMR in both birds and mammals.
Herbivores present a higher mean body temperature, which causes a higher average BMR than in carnivores who have a lower mean body temperature.
According to Clarke and O'Connor, herbivores require a warmer body than carnivore do to the high maintance costs of their longer guts
Highest mean body temperature in foliovores and granivores
Herbivores have to support fermintation by their gut microbes
According to Speakman, birds and mammals that have a higher average body mass have a higher average BMR
According to Glazier, metabolic rate also relates to energy expenditure and also digestion and insulation.
Due to herbivores complicated digestion of plants and leaves, it requires a complicated digestive process, and digestion is faster in warmer bodies (Clarke and O'Connor)
Summary
Even though body size plays a big part in average BMR, due to the complicated digestive process of herbivores, they will have a higher mean body temperature that will increase BMR as well.
Results
The t Stat value in both mammals and birds was greater than the two tail critical value when comparing the data, which shows there is a significant difference between body mass and BMR.
In mammals, The average BMR in herbivores was significantly higher than the average BMR in carnivores.
Citations
Speakman JR. Body size, energy metabolism and lifespan. The Journal of Experimental Biology. 2005;208(9):1717–1730.
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01556
. doi:10.1242/jeb.01556
Glazier DS. Effects of metabolic level on the body size scaling of metabolic rate in birds and mammals. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2008;275(1641):1405–1410.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.0118
. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0118
Clarke A, O’Connor MI. Diet and body temperature in mammals and birds. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 2014;23(9):1000–1008.
https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12185
. doi:10.1111/geb.12185