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Language Diversity and Endangerment - Coggle Diagram
Language Diversity and Endangerment
Endangered Languages
-> 3045 language are now endangered
Indegenous language in Canada
over 50 indegenous languages reported
language family: language are related and there are similarities, not attributed to chance
Different terrtories reflect where and how languages are spoke
Language endangerment and the reality
compared to nature, language is similar to loosing animals (25% of mammel are endangered)
when language is lost, many culture is lost - no way to recall
langauge is constantly evolving -> imported language
language endangerment is about the current situation and what happens later on
Relating ourselves towards the problem
language attrition: loosing the language you acquired when you were a child, but after growing up, you lost it
coommunity wide language attrition: language laoss
Language Extinction
Language death, loss, extinction
term: sleeing language is prefered - chances and hope for indigenous people that they can connect and learn w language that may be awaken
lanaguege sleeps when no longer spoken, no remaining speakers
need a community of speakers to keep alive
Mechanisms of Language shift -> community ignore their langauge and use another one for benefit / convinience
Economic Factors
lack of economic oppurutinity, industrilization, globalization, resettlement
convinient when people can find work with the langauge
Political, geographical, demographic, social cultural factos
discrimination, repressions, ethnic cleansing, language policies level of education available
certain government policies - telling people that they need to say a certain language to be majority norm of the people
if the language is spoken differently from home and school, then the kids will switch their way of talking to
Subjective attitudes
attitude of speaker / society towards language of threat and dominant languages
-> all these political, social, and economic structures are interconnected
History of oppression and colonization - can impact social systems
no specific reason for langauge loss
Qualifying language loss
Integenerational transmission
whether children are learning language from parents
Demographic of the speech community
number of fluent native speakers
age of fluent spekaers
domains and functions
where the language is used: home / work / school / media
social - political status of the language in the region
attitude of the speakers and the outsiders
how people feel connected to the lanauge and how they feel about it
international - ise in trade, international policy
national - used in mass media and government
provincial - used in education, work
wider communciation - work and mass medua
education - standardzation literture
developing - not yet widespread, in vigorous use
vigorous - dace to dace communication by all generation, sustainable
threatened- losing users
shifting- generatino uses lanaguge but not transmitted to children
moribund - only older generation use it
nearly extinct - older generation that only has little oppujrntiyt to use it
dormat - no on e has more than symboic proficiency
extinct - no lonfer used and no one has etnic identity associatded with lanaguge
Langauge Consevation
Diversity is key
contributes to knowledge of humanity as whole in culture, historical and scientificlaly
knowledge preservation
preerving lanaguge and past information
indeginous people are well versed in land -> without their langage, we will losse many information of land
Cultural Pluralism
loss of lanaguge -> loss of culture expression and celevrate diversity
Maintain identitiy
major maker of self identity
Language and the mind
tell alot about human beings
Communities and linguistic work on
Documentation
how communities want to lead their language
record to preserve their cultural linguistic knowledge before language dies
GOAL: to provide comprehensive record of linguistic practices
stories, histories, dictionaries, videos...etc
Maintenance / conservation
use documentation materials - maintain usage and conserve language before it becomes too endangered
Revitalization (to restore something to life or give it new life)
attempt to bring back endangered / sleeping language
PROGRAMS:
immersion programs, languages nests
apprentice ship programs:
children learn languages with elders or themselves - not east!
many shift's in languages